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Mysql慢查询日志过程_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:40 PM
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Mysql慢查询日志过程 mysql慢查询日志对于跟踪有问题的查询非常有用,可以分析出代码实现中耗费资源的sql语句,对我们程序的优化有很高的参考。本篇主要将慢查询日志的开启,日志分析,这也是优化SQL程序的一般步骤中至关重要的一步。    1.mysql慢查询日志           打开mysql的慢查询日志很简单,只需要在mysql的配置文件里(windows系统是my.ini,linux系统是my.cnf)的[mysqld]下面加上 Java代码  log-slow-queries=mysql_slow.log  long_query_time=3             其中log-slow-queries为日志的文件名,可以指定目录,如log-slow-queries=D:/mysql_slow.log; long_query_time为定义多长的查询我们定义为慢查询,并记录在log-slow-queries 指定的文件中,在这里我们定义超过3秒的查询进行记录。           配置完成以后重启Mysql服务器,执行show variables like '%slow%';查看慢查询日志是否开启,如果slow_query_log和log_slow_queries显示为on,那说明服务器的慢查询日志已                        经开启了。如下显示: Java代码  mysql> show variables like '%slow%';  +---------------------+----------------+  | Variable_name       | Value          |  +---------------------+----------------+  | log_slow_queries    | ON             |  | slow_launch_time    | 2              |  | slow_query_log      | ON             |  | slow_query_log_file | mysql_slow.log |  +---------------------+----------------+  4 rows in set (0.00 sec)   slow_launch_time跟慢查询日志没有任何关系, 它代表的是thread create的一个阈值,如果要看 long_query_time,可以用 Java代码  mysql> show variables like '%long%';  +-----------------+----------+  | Variable_name   | Value    |  +-----------------+----------+  | long_query_time | 3.000000 |  +-----------------+----------+  1 row in set (0.00 sec)       2.mysql慢查询日志分析              建表如下图,建表勿要给text加上索引,否则可能出现不了超过3秒的查询,数据表填充了4194304条数据。              Mysql慢查询日志过程_MySQL             我们来执行一个超过3秒的查询,如下: Java代码       mysql> select * from wei where text='orange';  +---------+--------+  | id      | text   |  +---------+--------+  | 4103519 | orange |  +---------+--------+   1 row in set (3.79 sec) 再执行一个超过3秒的和一个没有超过3秒的: Java代码  mysql> select * from wei where text='xishizhaohua';  Empty set (3.82 sec)   Java代码  [mysql> select * from wei where id=4564;  +------+--------------------+  | id   | text               |  +------+--------------------+  | 4564 | yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy |  +------+--------------------+  1 row in set (0.02 sec)     可以通过下面的命令查看现在这个session有多少个慢查询:  Mysql慢查询日志过程_MySQL 现在我们可以查看mysql_slow.log(win7默认在C:/ProgramData/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/data下面),里边内容如下,内容比较明了,包括查询花费的语句及时间,还包括查询时的时间戳等信息,其中Rows_examined为检查的行数,对我们优化也很有帮助 # Time: 121017 17:38:54 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [127.0.0.1] # Query_time: 3.794217 Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 1  Rows_examined: 4194304 SET timestamp=1350466734; select * from wei where text='orange'; # Time: 121017 17:46:22 # User@Host: root[root] @ localhost [127.0.0.1] # Query_time: 3.819219  Lock_time: 0.000000 Rows_sent: 0  Rows_examined: 4194304 SET timestamp=1350467182; select * from wei where text='xishizhaohua';  3.优化   其实定位到了慢查询语句就已经完成了一大不了,执行explain或者desc命令查看慢查询语句,如下图:    Mysql慢查询日志过程_MySQL           问题很明显,解决方式也很明显,建索引了。 Java代码  mysql> create index text_index on wei(text);  Query OK, 4194304 rows affected (1 min 58.07 sec)  Records: 4194304  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0     然后在执行查询操作,用时明显少了很多。 Java代码  mysql> select * from wei where text='orange';  +---------+--------+  | id      | text   |  +---------+--------+  | 4103519 | orange |  +---------+--------+  1 row in set (0.33 sec)   Java代码  mysql> select * from wei where text='xishizhaohua';  Empty set (0.01 sec)   bitsCN.com

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