A must-read for Linux programmers: Deep understanding and practical experience of the return value of the Send function

As a senior programmer who focuses on development, I have a deep understanding of the return value of the Send function under Linux over the long years. I would like to share with you my practical experience and related knowledge in this part.

1. Understand the meaning of the return value

When using the send function in the Linux system, you should understand the specific meaning of its return value. Generally speaking, if the return value is -1, it means that an error occurred during the transmission process; conversely, if the return value is greater than 0, it means that the specified number of bytes of information has been successfully sent. This simple method helps us accurately grasp the pulse and solve the problems encountered in data transmission.

2. Handling error codes

When the send function returns -1, you need to check errno to get the exact error code information, and take appropriate measures accordingly. If it is an EAGAIN codelinux send return value, the send buffer may be full. You may consider pausing or increasing the buffer size for optimization.

3. Set timeout period

In some cases, we are required to complete the data transmission task within a given time period. If the Linux e-book is not completed beyond this period, it is defined as a transmission failure. For this linux send return value, you can use functions such as SELECT or POLL to solve the timing timeout problem. By setting timeout parameters appropriately, you can ensure that your application avoids falling into an endless waiting state.

4. Subpackage delivery

If the message to be transmitted is huge and exceeds the size of the transmission buffer, one-time transmission may cause data loss. To prevent this from happening, it is recommended to extract data in chunks and send them one by one. After each transmission, the feedback result is used to confirm whether the transmission is successful, and the number of bytes successfully sent is recorded so that the transmission can be continued next time.

5. Error handling and retry

When the send function returns -1, you need to handle and retry according to the specific error code; if an EINTR error code occurs (that is, the send operation is interrupted), you can call the send function again to try. Properly handling error coding will help enhance program stability and reliability.

6. Consider network delay

In network communication, many unpredictable factors such as network delay may occur. Therefore, when using the send function for data transmission, it is necessary to fully consider possible delays and transmission failures. According to this principle, the waiting time should be set reasonably and important data should be confirmed to ensure its stability.

7. Logging

Properly utilize the logging function to make it an indispensable element in programming. For example, in the Linux installation tutorial, the output results, return values ​​and even potential error messages during the data transmission process using the send function can be comprehensively recorded. Log queries make it easy to diagnose problems and perform effective debugging.

8. Use with other functions

For the send function, it usually works together with other functions such as socket, bind, connect, etc. During the programming process, you must be familiar with the return values ​​and operation methods of these functions in order to accurately use the send function. In addition, the corresponding function combination can be flexibly selected according to specific needs to further improve the data transmission effect.

Based on the above valuable experience sharing, we have reason to believe that your understanding and application of the return value of the send function in the Linux system will be greatly improved. We sincerely hope that this experience can help you reach a higher level and create a better future together!

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