Function comparison between Oracle11g and Oracle12c

Oracle database is one of the most popular relational database management systems in the world. In recent years, Oracle has successively launched two versions, Oracle11g and Oracle12c. They have many features in common, but also have some significant differences. This article will conduct a comparative analysis of the functions of the two versions and provide some specific code examples to help readers better understand the differences between them.

1. Functional features of Oracle11g:

1. Partition table and partition index: Oracle11g introduces the concept of partition table and partition index, which can divide the table into multiple parts according to the specified columns. , to improve query performance and efficiency of data management.

-- 创建分区表
CREATE TABLE employees
(
    employee_id    NUMBER,
    last_name      VARCHAR2(50),
    hire_date      DATE
)
PARTITION BY RANGE (hire_date)
(
    PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE('01-01-2010', 'DD-MM-YYYY')),
    PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN (TO_DATE('01-01-2020', 'DD-MM-YYYY')),
    PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN (MAXVALUE)
);

2. Automatic diagnosis and performance optimization: Oracle11g introduces functions such as Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR) and Automatic Workload Repository (AWR), which can automatically diagnose database performance problems and provide optimization suggestions.

-- 查看数据库性能报告
SELECT *
FROM v$active_session_history
WHERE sample_time BETWEEN SYSDATE - 1 AND SYSDATE;

3. Enhanced database security: Oracle11g supports functions such as Transparent Data Encryption (TDE), Data Masking (Data Masking) and Privilege Analysis (Privilege Analysis), which can help users better Protect sensitive data in databases.

-- 开启透明数据加密
ALTER TABLE employees
    MODIFY sensitive_column
    ENCRYPT BY USING 'AES256' ALGORITHM;

2. Functional features of Oracle12c:

1. Multi-tenant architecture: Oracle12c introduces a new multi-tenant architecture, which can create multiple independent containers in a database Database (CDB) and plug-in database (PDB) realize data isolation and sharing between different tenants.

-- 创建一个插件数据库
CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE pdb1
ADMIN USER pdbadmin IDENTIFIED BY password
ROLES = (CONNECT);

2. Column-level security control: Oracle12c provides a new row-level security control function that can restrict user access to specific columns in the table based on the user's role and permissions.

-- 创建行级安全性策略
CREATE POLICY p1
    ENABLE
    ON employees
    FOR SELECT
    USING (department_id = SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'CURRENT_DEPARTMENT_ID'));

3. JSON support: Oracle12c introduces native support for the JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) data format, which can store and query columns containing JSON data.

-- 创建包含JSON数据的列
CREATE TABLE json_data
(
    id     NUMBER,
    data   CLOB CHECK (data IS JSON)
);

Conclusion:
The above is a brief introduction to the functional features of Oracle11g and Oracle12c, and provides some specific code examples. In general, Oracle12c has greater improvements and innovations than Oracle11g in terms of multi-tenancy, security control and JSON support. Readers can choose the appropriate version according to their own business needs and database management requirements to maximize the potential and advantages of the Oracle database.

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