Home Database Mysql Tutorial 简简单单储存过程――循环一个select结果集_MySQL

简简单单储存过程――循环一个select结果集_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:47 PM
cursor

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摘要:本文主要讲解了存储过程的创建、调用、以及游标的使用 ,相信掌握了游标      会对你有不错的帮助,有不足之处还请指教
 
导航 : 一、存储过程的创建及调用
            二 、游标的使用
            三、  示例
            四、补充
 
说明:
        1、用到的两个数据表:
 
       from_data  

简简单单储存过程――循环一个select结果集_MySQL

   to_data

简简单单储存过程――循环一个select结果集_MySQL

2、示例需求 : 将表from_data 的select结果集循环插入到表 to_data;
 
                              伪代码:   while 循环 select id ,name from_data
 
                                          insert into to_data(id,name) value(from_data.id,from_data.name)
 
                                end
 
        3、环境: mysql
 
 
 
 一、存储过程的创建及调用
 
           我们创建一个名叫 add_test的存储过程
 
       1 、检查是否有 add_test
Sql代码 
drop procedure if exists add_test;   
       2、创建
 
 
Sql代码 
create procedure add_test()    
   (    
   #[in|out|inout] 参数 datatype  
    
  
     a int; 
     b int; 
   )    
   begin    
   #SQL 语句; 
 
   
     
   end;   
 
   3、调用
 
Sql代码 
call add_test(1,2 
 
); 
  
 
   以上就是基本的创建方法,注意已下几点:
        1 、在建立和调用时,add_test后面的“()”是必须的
        2、MySQL 存储过程参数如果不显式指定“in”、“out”、“inout”,则默认为“in”,并且参数不能指定默认值 。
        3、包含多条 SQL 语句时,需要 begin end 关键字,在begin end里面的每条语句的末尾,都要加上分号 “;”
        4、在begin end里面声明变量,使用关键字 DECLARE ,如:
 
Sql代码 
begin  
 
  #声明一个name变量,类型是varchar(记得分号) 
  name varchar(32);    
end; 
 
 
二 、游标的使用
 
         1、定义游标
Sql代码 
/* 
    定义游标的关键字:CURSOR。 
    定义游标cursor_name, 
    游标cursor_name当前指针的记录 
    是一个表from_data的多行结果集 
 */ 
  DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR select id,name 
 
from from_data; 
 
 
 
       2、打开游标
 
Sql代码 
#关键字:OPEN 
OPEN cursor_name;  
 
   3、 获取游标
 
Sql代码 
#声明两个变量 
  DECLARE a int 
 

  DECLARE b varchar(32) 
 

 
/* 
   FETCH 获取游标当前指针的记录,并传给指定变量 a 、b 
*/ 
FETCH cursor_name INTO a,b; 
 
   注意:(1、此处很重要,我们在后面的循环例子中会详细讲解如何用,
           (2、注意变量数必须与MySQL游标返回的字段数以及类型一致,请看2,3步的标红处,
           a的类型对应 id,b类型对应name
 
  4、关闭游标
 
Sql代码 
CLOSE cursor_name ; 
 
 
    以上就是游标的常见使用方法,关键的部分我已在每一步中说明,就不在多说了,现在我们看下例子:
 
三、示例
 
Sql代码 
drop procedure if exists add_test; 
# 创建存储过程 add_test 
 
 
CREATE PROCEDURE add_test() 
 
    BEGIN 
           #定义 变量 
 
 
           DECLARE a int; 
           DECLARE b VARCHAR(30); 
            
           #此变可有可无,为了给个该存储函数执行成功后给个提示,运行下便知道 
 
 
           DECLARE str VARCHAR(300); 
           DECLARE x int; 
            
           #这个用于处理游标到达最后一行的情况 
 
    
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