Access 数据导入mysql_MySQL
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从Access中提取若干信息,导入到mysql中。
嗯,多简单的事呀。。。不过是SQL语句的导入导出嘛。。。我开始真的是这么想的。。。
做的时候发现,Access没有导出SQL的功能,不想用第三方的东西。。。
这里简单描述下我是怎么做的吧!
1、在access中建个视图,得到自己想要的数据;
2、把这个视图查询到的数据,导出成文本格式,我用的是CVS;
3、用文本编辑器,把导出的数据 处理成 SQL语句(多亏了vim,用其他编辑器都不知道怎么办才好,打开都成问题,更不用说快速编辑了。。。UE打开后,滚轮都滚不动的说。。。);
4、用mysql命令,导入mysql。
思路很清晰,我就这么做了。直到最后一步,才发现问题:数据量太大(68万条),这一步很慢很慢。
慢也就罢了,只做一次(等了我近2个小时),没什么关系。。。可是,马上发现,数据中时间格式不对。比如Access中是2011-1-1,而mysql这边,期望得到的是2011-01-01,就这一个时间,要改动几十万条记录,还不如重新导一份新的呢。。。
于是,重复步骤2,得到数据。
因为导入过程慢的实在太离谱了,就找了个mysqldump 备份出来的文件来看,看一看mysql官方觉得怎样导入数据会更快,于是发现了诸如下面的内容:
Sql代码
LOCK TABLES `tablename` WRITE;
ALTER TABLE `tablename` DISABLE KEYS;
INSERT INTO `tablename` (id,name,password) VALUES
-- 这里是数据
;
ALTER TABLE `tablename`ENABLE KEYS;
UNLOCK TABLES;
LOCK TABLES `tablename` WRITE;
ALTER TABLE `tablename` DISABLE KEYS;
INSERT INTO `tablename` (id,name,password) VALUES
-- 这里是数据
;
ALTER TABLE `tablename`ENABLE KEYS;
UNLOCK TABLES;
很明显,这里的SQL从3个方面做了优化:
1、加了只写的锁(解锁之前,不能查询,同时索引 可以最后做,插入数据 就会快啦);
2、Disable了所有键(于是,就不用再做外键检查了,全心插入数据);
3、insert into 用一条语句完成(一条语句 和 金条语句 的性能,差别不是一般的大啊,想想也觉得是。。。)。
这样之后,几分钟就能搞定。
另外,说一点文本处理的。。。
一开始,习惯性的,要写成一条一条的SQL,于是想到了用宏来做。宏很简单,小数据量非常方便,不用大脑怎么思考。但是,做了一会,发现实在太慢了,大数据量,处理不了。
我平时很少写vim脚本,现在想来,用脚本也会很慢,毕竟要一行行的执行呀。。。
于是乎,写正则,查找替换。很快,几秒钟搞定一次替换。正则的威力,真不是一般的强大啊。。。上面说的时间格式的转换,也是在这里做的。
注意:即使你的文本很好看,可以试试列编辑。一般行首适用,后面 几乎都不可用了。。。
这里要说的是,不要把多行数据变成一行,没这个必要。变成一行后,可读性会变的很差,文本处理会变的非常的慢。如果一行匹配的次数过多,用g这个参数,往往会很慢。。。
就说这些吧。。。
重新理了下思路。。。
下次估计10分钟就能搞定这样的事。。。
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