CentOS alternative, Rocky Linux operating system installation and use

1. The background of Rocky Linux

The background of

Rocky Linux is closely related to the changes in the CentOS community.

CentOS (Community ENTerprise Operating System) was previously an open source Linux distribution built on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) source code. It is very popular in enterprise environments because it provides similar functionality and performance to RHEL without the commercial licensing fees of RHEL.

However, over time, the development direction of the CentOS project has changed.

Red Hat decided to stop maintaining the traditional version of CentOS, and then launched CentOS Stream, which is a rolling update version mainly used for upstream development.

This change has caused unease among many enterprises and individual users who rely on stable CentOS versions, because they need a stable and reliable alternative to maintain their systems and applications.

It is against this background that Gregory Kurtzer, one of the founders of CentOS, led a community project aimed at creating a system compatible with RHEL Compatible stable Linux distribution.

This project is Rocky Linux, the name of Rocky Linux is a tribute to the early CentOS co-founder Rocky McGaugh, and at the same time It also symbolizes the spiritual inheritance of this new release and CentOS.

The goal of

Rocky Linux is to provide users with a highly compatible, stable and reliable alternative to RHEL.

It is rebuilt directly from the source code of RHEL, inherits the advantages of RHEL, and continues to develop with the support of the community.

The emergence of

Rocky Linux provides a new choice for users who are looking for a stable, reliable and free Linux distribution.

In general, the background of Rocky Linux is the changes in the CentOS community and the user's demand for a stable and reliable Linux distribution.

Rocky Linux As an open source, community-driven project, it inherits the advantages of CentOS and RHEL and is committed to providing users with a powerful production level platform.

2. Obtain the Rocky Linux image file

Currently, the latest version is 9.3.

Method 1: Rocky Linux official website

https://rockylinux.org/download

Select X86_64 architecture above, then ISOS select DVD, then download the file Rocky-9.3-x86_64-dvd.iso image .

Method Two: Domestic Mirror Station

For example, Alibaba Cloud Developer Community Page:

https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.6b5b1b11ZAr5AO&serviceType=mirror&tag=%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F

Select the OS mirror as above, search for rockylinux in the mirror warehouse, and click rockylinux to enter the next introduction page:

That is, the Alibaba Cloud image download address:

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux/

The introduction to Rocky Linux on Alibaba Cloud is the same:

Rocky Linux is a fork of CentOS, which is downstream of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). Like CentOS, it provides a stable version of Linux that is very suitable for servers. It is intended as a fully compatible replacement for CentOS.

In addition, configure the default source:

sed -e 's|^mirrorlist=|#mirrorlist=|g' 
-e 's|^#baseurl=http://dl.rockylinux.org/$contentdir|baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/rockylinux|g' 
-i.bak 
/etc/yum.repos.d/Rocky-*.repo

dnf makecache

3. Install Rocky Linux in VMware workstation

3.1. Installation preparation

New virtual machine

Select Custom or Typical:

Next, choose to install the operating system later:

For the guest operating system, select LINUX, and for the version, select RHEL 8 64. There is no 9 version here, so you can select version 8.

3.2、安装Rocky Linux

虚拟机创建好以后，点击启动虚拟机，开始安装系统：

选择Install Rocky Linux 9.3。

语言选择，默认就是中文，简体中文（中国）， 点击“继续”按钮。

系统安装总览

包括本地化、软件、系统，本地化和软件如下图，已设置好：

用户设置中设置admin的密码，并创建一个普通用户。

手动分区

接受更改，点击完成。

开始安装系统，并完成安装，重启系统：

系统界面如下：

4、常用命令的使用体验

基本命令

安装常用软件，比如tmux

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install tmux
上次元数据过期检查：0:05:06 前，执行于 2024年03月14日 星期四 13时10分46秒。
依赖关系解决。
================================================================================
 软件包 架构 版本仓库大小
================================================================================
安装:
 tmux x86_64 3.2a-5.el9baseos 475 k

事务概要
================================================================================
安装1 软件包

总下载：475 k
安装大小：1.1 M
下载软件包：
tmux-3.2a-5.el9.x86_64.rpm1.1 MB/s | 475 kB 00:00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计361 kB/s | 475 kB 00:01 
Rocky Linux 9 - BaseOS1.7 MB/s | 1.7 kB 00:00
导入 GPG 公钥 0x350D275D:
 Userid: "Rocky Enterprise Software Foundation - Release key 2022 <releng@rockylinux.org>"
 指纹: 21CB 256A E16F C54C 6E65 2949 702D 426D 350D 275D
 来自: /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-Rocky-9
导入公钥成功
运行事务检查
事务检查成功。
运行事务测试
事务测试成功。
运行事务
准备中: 1/1 
安装: tmux-3.2a-5.el9.x86_641/1 
运行脚本: tmux-3.2a-5.el9.x86_641/1 
验证: tmux-3.2a-5.el9.x86_641/1 

已安装:
tmux-3.2a-5.el9.x86_64

完毕！
[root@localhost ~]# 

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