SQL截取字符串函数_MySQL
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A.截取从字符串左边开始N个字符
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select Left(@S1,4)
------------------------------------
显示结果: http
B.截取从字符串右边开始N个字符(例如取字符www.163.com)
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.163.com'
Select right(@S1,11)
------------------------------------
显示结果: www.163.com
C.截取字符串中任意位置及长度(例如取字符www)
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select SUBSTRING(@S1,8,3)
------------------------------------
显示结果: www
以上例子皆是已知截取位置及长度,下面介绍未知位置的例子
2.截取未知位置的函数
A.截取指定字符串后的字符串(例如截取http://后面的字符串)
方法一:
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select Substring(@S1,CHARINDEX('www',@S1)+1,Len(@S1))
/*此处也可以这样写:Select Substring(@S1,CHARINDEX('//',@S1)+2,Len(@S1))*/
------------------------------------
显示结果: www.163.com
需要注意:CHARINDEX函数搜索字符串时,不区分大小写,因此CHARINDEX('www',@S1)也可以写成CHARINDEX('WWW',@S1)
方法二:(与方法一类似)
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select Substring(@S1,PATINDEX('%www%',@S1)+1,Len(@S1))
--此处也可以这样写:Select Substring(@S1,PATINDEX('%//%',@S1)+2,Len(@S1))
------------------------------------
显示结果: www.163.com
函数PATINDEX与CHARINDEX区别在于:前者可以参数一些参数,增加查询的功能
方法三:
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select REPLACE(@S1,'http://','')
------------------------------------
显示结果: www.163.com
利用字符替换函数REPLACE,将除需要显示字符串外的字符替换为空
方法四:
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='http://www.xrss.cn'
Select STUFF(@S1,CHARINDEX('http://',@S1),Len('http://'),'')
------------------------------------
显示结果: www.163.com
函数STUFF与REPLACE区别在于:前者可以指定替换范围,而后者则是全部范围内替换
B.截取指定字符后的字符串(例如截取C:/Windows/test.txt中文件名)
与A不同的是,当搜索对象不是一个时,利用上面的方法只能搜索到第一个位置
方法一:
Declare @S1 varchar(100)
Select @S1='C:/Windows/test.txt'
select right(@S1,charindex('/',REVERSE(@S1))-1)
-------------------------------------
显示结果: text.txt
利用函数REVERSE获取需要截取的字符串长度
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