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MySQL的内存表_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:51 PM
Memory surface

     “内存表”顾名思义创建在内存中的表,真是这样吗?其实不然,MySQL的内存表,表结构创建在磁盘上,数据存放在内存中,所以当MySQL启动着的时候,这个表是存在的,数据也是存在的,如果用户有查看这个表的权限,在所有会话里面,都可以访问这个内存表的数据;当MySQL重启后,数据消失,结构还存在。

内存表的创建:

CREATE TABLE test(<br>  id int(10),<br>  num int(10)<br>) ENGINE=MEMORY DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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查看是否创建成功:

show tables;
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使用完内存表后,如果我们想释放掉占用掉的内存,可以有两种方法:
-- 删除数据<br>delete from test;
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或者

-- 清空表<br>truncate table test;
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再或者
-- 删除表<br>drop table test;
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对于我们常用的功能来说,内存有以下特征:

1.对于varchar等变长类型,内存表使用固定的长度来存放;

2.内存表可以有非唯一键;

3.内存表不能包含BLOB或者TEXT列;

4.内存表支持AUTO_INCREMENT列;

5.内存表支持插入延迟,使读取优先;

6.非临时内存表和其它非内存表一样在所有客户端直接共享;

我们使用内存表的时候,需要注意以下几个方面:

1.服务器内存足够大;

2.我们创建的内存表和MySQL内部临时表有所不同:

      内存表的数据存放在内存中,而内部临时表(我们的query语句产生的)在恰当的时候存放在内存中,当内部临时表变得很大时,MySQL会自动地把它转化为 在磁盘上存储的表,而我们创建的内存表,却不会自动转换。

3.当我们单独地delete from 某个内存表的时候,不会回收内存;只有当整个表被delete的时候,才会回收内存;

4.在MySQL的主从服务器上,内存表可以被复制

参考资料:

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/memory-storage-engine.html

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