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MySQL从表中取出随机数据_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:53 PM

  实现随机,从手册中找到了下面这个语句,可以完成任务:

SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY rand() LIMIT 5;

  rand在手册里是这么说的::

  RAND()

  RAND(N) 返回在范围0到1.0内的随机浮点值。如果一个整数参数N被指定,它被用作种子值。

mysql> select RAND();
-> 0.5925
mysql> select RAND(20);
-> 0.1811
mysql> select RAND(20);
-> 0.1811
mysql> select RAND();
-> 0.2079
mysql> select RAND();
-> 0.7888

  你不能在一个ORDER BY子句用RAND()值使用列,因为ORDER BY将重复计算列多次。然而在MySQL3.23中,你可以做: SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BY RAND(),这是有利于得到一个来自SELECT * FROM table1,table2 WHERE a=b AND c

  注意在一个WHERE子句里的一个RAND()将在每次WHERE被执行时重新评估。

  但试了一下,8千条记录的表,执行一次需要0.08 sec,慢了些。后来请教了google,得到如下代码:

SELECT *
FROM table_name AS r1 JOIN
(SELECT ROUND(RAND() *
(SELECT MAX(id)
FROM table_name)) AS id)
AS r2
WHERE r1.id >= r2.id
ORDER BY r1.id ASC
LIMIT 5;

  执行效率需要0.02 sec.可惜的是,只有mysql 4.1.*以上才支持这样的子查询.

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