Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL的技术架构介绍_MySQL

MySQL的技术架构介绍_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:54 PM
technology

  金璞:各位网友大家好!我是赛迪网技术应用编辑金璞,今天本来要来的David Axmark先生和周总现在正在路上,预计可能和迟一点跟网友们见面现在我们请陈慧女士做一个自我介绍。

  陈慧:我是万里开源的系统工程师陈慧,很高兴作客赛迪网。

  金璞:因为David Axmark和周总还没有来,前天的时候MySQL在中国研发中心成立的时候,我当时听到您做了一个演讲,也讲了MySQL技术上的架构包括以后的发展方向之类的。今天先跟网友们讲一讲吧。

  陈慧:我们万里开源是MySQL在中国唯一的代理,我们是基于Linux的平台进行发展,基于Linux开源软件的提供商。大家比较熟悉的是TurboLinux,我们这次跟MySQL的合作希望一方面向先进国家比较先进的开源软件学习一些先进经验,希望通过跟他们的合作建立一个更完善的企业级的服务器平台。

  下面我给大家介绍一下MySQL的主要技术特点。MySQL作为一个开源的数据库,开源是它最大的特色,因为它所有的原代码都是公布于众的。每天在MySQL网站上有超过5万次的下载,有那么多用户用MySQL,而且大家在使用过程如果发现BUG或者有一些需要改进的地方可以很快的反馈到MySQL公司,使得能够帮助产品有一个进一步的优化。

  另外,MySQL一直在三个方面不断的努力,首先是它的性能。MySQL是一个非常快的数据库系统。第二个就是它的可靠性,因为它是开源的,希望借助开源的方式增强可靠性。第三个就是MySQL的易用性,MySQL能够保证任何没有接触过数据库的人在15分钟之内就学会用MySQL,就是非常简单易用。

  从MySQL的架构上还有一个比较特殊的地方,存储是以可插取的存储引擎存在的。大家知道要做成一个大而全的数据库系统不是那么容易的,因为每一个用户需求可能不太一样,看重数据库的性能和其他的方面也不太一样看重数据库特色地方也不一样。MySQL可插取的存储引擎就有这样的特性。比如说像商业版中支持比较好的Myizm,还有inodb,Ndb,不同的存储引擎特点是不一样的,比如 Myizm速度比较快,用户可以根据不同的需求选取不同的存储引擎,配置可以非常灵活。

  金璞:我上次在发布会上听说MySQL在中国现在有三个版本,可不可以介绍一下这三个版本在技术层面上、应用层面上有哪些区别吗?

  陈慧:现在在中国有三个产品,一个是PRO,它是一个企业级的数据库,带有复制功能、数据处理功能,就是基本上的数据库完整的功能都有,它是单机的。第二个是集群版是CLUSTER,CLUSTER是当单机版的数据库满足不了企业级应用需求的时候我们需要通过多台服务器均衡负载提高并发性和性能,这是集群的。第三个Maxdb,它是和SAP合作的数据库,主要应用在SAP上是一个比较特殊的应用。它的开发团队、维护团队不仅在Maxdb有,在SAP也有。

  金璞:这三个是不是都是商业版还是个人版呢?

  陈慧:Maxdb是一个开源的数据库,开源社区有单独的版本,但是功能上跟商业是完全一样的,只不过在社区版没有分这个产品那个产品,可以下载有。商业版是分了CLUSTER和PRO的。

  金璞:三个版本上有不同的侧重面,我是一个用户有一个比较天真的想法,能不能把这三个数据库的特色集合到最强大的完整版上?

  陈慧:Maxdb和PRO和CLUSTER是没有问题的,因为下载的社区版,如果买了CLUSTER已经包含了PRO的功能,这样商业角度区分来说,Maxdb最开始是由SUN开发的数据库系统,后来跟Maxdb合作,SUN是提供跟应用结合的技术,Maxdb主要提供在数据库支持方面的一些技术。其实它跟Maxdb是不同的数据库。金璞:SAP和MySQL的合作,是不是有想跟Orocle争夺市场的意义呢?

  陈慧:我觉得各有各的市场。

  金璞:比如您提到的存储系统可能会降低数据库的速度,这样的话MySQL在开发的过程中是怎样确保自己以前开发的理念呢?

  陈慧:你希望数据库做的越来越可靠,可能某些方面是需要降低一些性能的。比如 MySQL中间有一个引擎叫Myzim(音)是不支持数据处理的。不仅仅是数据库,操作的其他软件也是一样,在性能、可靠性、安全性等等方面都是有一个平衡的。MySQL希望尽量在添加新的功能以后还能够保持快速的性能。因为它在数据库中有一个优化器进行优化。关于集群,应该说集群是能够提高MySQL的性能的,包括我们做的测试,在中国的用户通过合理的配置集群的速度比单机版要快一些。

  金璞:性能在增加,包括支持的东西会使数据库变得非常复杂,如果结构越复杂稳定性就会受到一定的影响,这点怎么平衡呢?

  陈慧:现在来看MySQL的架构是比较稳定,比较简洁的。MySQL是90年代出来的数据库,整个架构上是吸取了前面的一些优良的特性,也驱除了不好的地方,整个架构来看还是比较好的。而且插壳的方式也是为了避免你提到的情况,就是灵活的,不是说固定了就一个结构。以后我开发出新的引擎可能有又面前可用性,又有很成熟的性能,那完全可以替代原来的,而不影响现有的架构,这就是它的灵活之处。

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