MySQL数据库在主流操作系统下的同步_MySQL
当数据库的数据量读写频繁的时候,我们就要考虑把数据库的读写分开,以提高数据库的使用效率,(当然还有其他用处比如,备份数据),这个时候我们就要用到MySQL的一个功能,数据库同步。下面就具体讲一下实现方法
一、系统环境
主数据库(master):
系统:Windows
数据库:MySQL 5.0.51
IP:192.168.1.156
从数据库(slave):
系统:Linux
数据库:MySQL 5.0.67
IP:192.168.1.154
二、配置参数:
发现网上说,两个数据库的配置必须一致,还把两个配置文件对拷。看起来挺有道理,因为怕部分功能不一致,也有可能导致同步错误。但是我的两个MySQL的所在系统都不一样,所以就按照默认的安装配置了。
数据库准备:
要同步的数据库叫 account
那就必须把主服务器上的account和数据完整的导一份 到slave服务器上
且在主服务器上开一个帐户,允许从服务器访问。
主数据库(master)配置:
修改MySQL 的配置文件my.cnf,
找到 server-id 这一行,更改如下
server-id = 1
且增加两行必要信息:
log-bin = d:/log-bin.log #二进制变更日值的存放位置
binlog-do-db = account #要同步的数据库
解释下:Slave上MySQL的Replication工作有两个线程,I/O thread和SQL thread,I/O 的作用是从master 3306端口上把它的binlog取过来(master在被修改了任何内容之后,就会把修改了什么写到自己的binlog等待slave更新),然后写到本地的relay-log,而SQL thread则是去读本地的relay-log,再把它转换成本MySQL所能理解的东西,于是同步就这样一步一步的完成.
master数据库的修改仅此一步就OK了
从数据库(slave)配置:
修改 MySQL 下的my.cnf
找到 server-id 这一行,更改如下
server-id = 2 //从数据库
master-host = 192.168.1.156
master-user = lzy
master-password = lzy
master-port = 3306
replicate-do-db = account //要同步的数据库
最后,把两个MySQL都重启动一下。
1、看看刚才设置的日志路径下有没有日志生成。
2、在156上添加一条数据,看看从数据库有没增加。如果没有,看看slave数据库的错误日志,根据错误信息具体调试下。
配置好同步后,我发觉log-bin的日志位置不好,想换一个地方,于是改到其他盘去了。重启MySQL后发现同步不能用了。超级郁闷。于是去看了下MySQL的错误日志,
“count not find first log file name in binary log in…”
找了半天没找到原因,忽然发现错误日志的同目录下有个master.info文件,应该是记录从主服务器取数据的记录吧。打开看了看是的
14
log-bin.000003
337
192.168.1.156
lzy
lzy
3306
60
0
我把这个文件删除了,重启动MySQL。OK了数据同步过来了

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