Understand what are the composite types in Go language?

Go language is a very popular programming language. It has rich data types, among which composite types are a very important data type. Composite types can be used to represent collections of multiple values ​​or relationships between multiple values, including arrays, slices, maps, and structures. This article will introduce composite types in Go language in detail and provide specific code examples.

1. Array

An array is a fixed-length data structure in which each element is of the same type. In the Go language, the syntax for declaring an array is var variable_name [size]type. The following is an example of a simple integer array:

var numbers [5]int
numbers = [5]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

2. Slice

A slice is a dynamic length array, which is a reference to the array. In the Go language, the declaration method of slices is var variable_name []type. The following is an example of a slice:

var numbers []int
numbers = []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

3. Map

A map is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. In the Go language, the mapping declaration method is var variable_name map[key_type]value_type. The following is an example of mapping:

var person map[string]string
person = map[string]string{"name": "Alice", "age": "25"}

4. Structure (Struct)

Structure is a user-defined composite type that can contain multiple fields of different types. In the Go language, the declaration method of a structure is type StructName struct { field1 type1 field2 type2 ... }. The following is an example of a structure:

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age int
    Gender string
}

var person1 Person
person1 = Person{Name: "Bob", Age: 30, Gender: "Male"}

Through the above example, we understand the commonly used composite types in the Go language: arrays, slices, maps and structures. These composite types are very commonly used in actual programming and can help us organize and manipulate data more conveniently. I hope readers can deepen their understanding of Go language composite types through this article.

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