用mysqldump对MySQL数据库进行数据备份与恢复_MySQL
mysqldump
数据库备份是很重要的。如果定期做好备份,这样就可以在发生系统崩溃时恢复数据到最后一次正常的状态,把损失减小到最少。MySQLl提供了一个mysqldump命令,我们可以用它进行数据备份,下面假设要备份tm这个数据库:
#mysqldump -u root -p tm > tm_050519.sql
按提示输入密码,这就把tm数据库所有的表结构和数据备份到tm_050519.sql了,因为要总进行备份工作,如果数据量大会占用很大空间,这时可以利用gzip压缩数据,命令如下:
#mysqldump -u root -p tm | gzip > tm_050519.sql.gz
系统崩溃,重建系统时,可以这样恢复数据:
#mysql -u root -p tm
从压缩文件直接恢复:
#gzip
当然,有很多MySQL工具提供更直观的备份恢复功能,比如用phpMyAdmin就很方便。但我认为,mysqldump是最基本、最通用的。

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