Mysql入门系列:更新MySQL数据库服务_MySQL
MySQL首次公开发行的是3 . 11.1版。目前流行的是3.22 系列稳定版的发行版和3.23 系列开发版的发行版。稳定版系列号总是比开发版系列的要小。在3.23 稳定之后,将开始使用3.24 作为开发系列。MySQL开发者好像在夜以继日地工作着,版本更新相当频繁(一年有几次)。稳定版和开发版都发布更新版本。正在进行开发的速度给MySQL管理员带来了这样的问题:当新版本出现时是否应该对您已有的MySQL安装进行升级。本节提供了帮助您作出该项决定的一些指导。
在新版本出现时应该做的第一件事是查找它与前一个版本之间有什么不同。检查MySQL参考手册中的附录“变化说明”,使自己了解这些差别。然后给自己提出下列问题:
您在当前版本中遇到过新版本修正了的问题吗?
新版本中有您想要的附加功能吗?
对于您使用的某些类型的操作其性能提高了吗?
如果对所有这些问题的回答都是否定的,则没有任何强制升级的必要。如果所有的回答是肯定的,可能要继续进行下一步工作。这时,一般应等待几天,观察MySQL邮件清单,看看是否有关于其他人使用新版本的报道。
可帮助您做出决定的某些要考虑的其他因素如下:
稳定版系列的发行版通常都是对已有的错误进行修正,很少有新功能。通常在稳定版系列中升级的风险要比在开发版系列中的小(当然,如果正在运行开发版系列的服务器,可能根本不关心这个风险)。
如果对MySQL进行升级,可能还要对用其内部的MySQLC 客户机库建立的其他程序进行升级。例如,在MySQL升级之后,还需要重新建立PHP、Apache 和Perl DBD::mysql模块,将新的客户机库连接到那些程序中(当所有MySQL相关的DBI和PHP 脚本在您升级MySQL后开始转储核心时需要这样做)。重建这些程序通常不是什么了不起的事,但是,如果想避开它,最好别对MySQL进行。如果您使用静态连接程序而非动态连接程序,该问题的可能性将明显减少。但是,系统内存的需求将增加。
如果仍然不能肯定是否升级,则独立于当前的服务器来测试新的服务器总是可以的。可以通过或者将新服务器与成品服务器并行运行来测试,或者在另一台机器上安装新服务器进行测试。如果使用不同的机器,容易在服务器之间进行独立的维护。如果没有另一台用于测
试的机器,可以在成品机上运行新的服务器。如果这样做,则必须用不同的参数值(如安装位置、数据目录以及服务器可以舰艇连接的网络端口和套接字)来运行新的服务器。
无论是哪种情况,您都可能会用已有数据库中的数据拷贝来测试新服务器。
如果作出了升级决定,应查看在MySQLR 参考手册的“变化说明”附录中是否有关于升级必须采取的特殊步骤的说明。通常不会有,但总之最好检查一下。
不要害怕使用开发版的发行版
您可能不喜欢利用自己的成品数据库来使用开发的发行版,但是笔者鼓励您至少应试着用一下单独的测试服务器,或许再使用一下您的成品数据库备份。试用新的发行版的人越多,对发现错误就越有帮助。对于某些数据库产品,发现错误是一件可怕的事情。而对于MySQL来说,错误的报告是促进开发前进的重要因素,因为开发人员可根据用户团体所报告的问题进行实际修正。

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