Detailed explanation of Go language slicing: from basic to advanced

Detailed explanation of Go language slices: from basic to advanced

Introduction:
Go language is a fast and reliable modern programming language. Slice is It is a built-in data structure that is an abstraction of an array. Slices are dynamic arrays with variable length, which are more flexible and convenient than arrays. This article will start from the basic concept of slicing, and gradually explore the application of slicing in the Go language, bringing a wealth of code examples to help readers better understand and use slicing.

1. The basic concept of slicing

In the Go language, a slice is a reference type, which consists of a pointer to an array, the length of the slice, and the capacity of the slice. A slice can be regarded as a "view" of an array, a data structure that references some elements of the array, and can achieve dynamic expansion and contraction.

1. Create a slice
   Use the make function to create a slice:

   slice := make([]int, 5, 10)

   The above code creates an integer slice with an initial length of 5 and a capacity of 10.

2. Basic operations of slicing

3. Get the length and capacity of the slice:

   length := len(slice) // 切片的长度
   capacity := cap(slice) // 切片的容量

4. Interception of the slice:

   newSlice := slice[1:3] // 截取切片的一部分，包括索引1不包括索引3

5. Add elements to the slice:

   slice = append(slice, 6) // 在切片末尾添加一个元素

6. Delete elements in the slice:

   slice = append(slice[:2], slice[3:]...) // 删除切片索引为2的元素

2. Slicing Advanced Application

1. Expansion and reduction of slices
   When the length of the slice exceeds the capacity, the slice will automatically expand and double the capacity. If you need to manually specify the capacity of the slice, you can use the slice capacity parameter:

   slice := make([]int, 5, 10) // 指定切片长度为5，容量为10

2. The difference between slices and arrays
   Slices are reference types. When assigning one slice to another slice, they share the underlying layer Array, modifications to one slice will affect the other slice. Arrays are value types, and modifications to the array will not affect other arrays.

3. Traversal of slices
   Use a for loop to traverse slices:

   for index, value := range slice {
    fmt.Println(index, value)
   }

4. Transmission of slices
   When a slice is used as a function parameter, the slice is actually passed Pointers can modify the value of the slice within the function, affecting the original slice.
5. Slice of slice
   The element of a slice can also be a slice, that is, a nesting of slices. Accessing elements of nested slices through multiple indexes can achieve the effect of multi-dimensional arrays.

Conclusion:
Slicing is a very important and commonly used data structure in the Go language. It is flexible and convenient and can meet various needs. Through the detailed introduction and code examples of the basic and advanced applications of slicing in this article, I believe readers can have a deeper understanding of the usage of slicing and improve the efficiency and quality of code writing. I hope this article can help readers better master the skills of using slices in Go language.

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