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MySQL 数据库常用命令_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 01:56 PM
database surface

  1、MySQL常用命令
  create database name; 创建数据库
  use databasename; 选择数据库
  drop database name 直接删除数据库,不提醒
  show tables; 显示表
  describe tablename; 表的详细描述
  select 中加上distinct去除重复字段
  mysqladmin drop databasename 删除数据库前,有提示。
  显示当前mysql版本和当前日期
  select version(),current_date;
  2、修改mysql中root的密码:
  shell>mysql -u root -p
  mysql> update user set password=password(”xueok654123″) where user=’root’;
  mysql> flush privileges //刷新数据库
  mysql>use dbname; 打开数据库:
  mysql>show databases; 显示所有数据库
  mysql>show tables; 显示数据库mysql中所有的表:先use mysql;然后
  mysql>describe user; 显示表mysql数据库中user表的列信息);
  3、grant
  创建一个可以从任何地方连接服务器的一个完全的超级用户,但是必须使用一个口令something做这个
  mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to user@localhost identified by ’something’ with
  增加新用户
  格式:grant select on 数据库.* to 用户名@登录主机 identified by “密码”
  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO monty@localhost IDENTIFIED BY ’something’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
  GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO monty@”%” IDENTIFIED BY ’something’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
  删除授权:
  mysql> revoke all privileges on *.* from root@”%”;
  mysql> delete from user where user=”root” and host=”%”;
  mysql> flush privileges;
  创建一个用户custom在特定客户端it363.com登录,可访问特定数据库fangchandb
  mysql >grant select, insert, update, delete, create,drop on fangchandb.* to custom@ it363.com identified by ‘ passwd’
  重命名表:
  mysql > alter table t1 rename t2;
  4、mysqldump
  备份数据库
  shell> mysqldump -h host -u root -p dbname >dbname_backup.sql
  恢复数据库
  shell> mysqladmin -h myhost -u root -p create dbname
  shell> mysqldump -h host -u root -p dbname   如果只想卸出建表指令,则命令如下:
  shell> mysqladmin -u root -p -d databasename > a.sql
  如果只想卸出插入数据的sql命令,而不需要建表命令,则命令如下:
  shell> mysqladmin -u root -p -t databasename > a.sql
  那么如果我只想要数据,而不想要什么sql命令时,应该如何操作呢?
     mysqldump -T./ phptest driver
  其中,只有指定了-T参数才可以卸出纯文本文件,表示卸出数据的目录,./表示当前目录,即与mysqldump同一目录。如果不指定driver 表,则将卸出整个数据库的数据。每个表会生成两个文件,一个为.sql文件,包含建表执行。另一个为.txt文件,只包含数据,且没有sql指令。
  5、可将查询存储在一个文件中并告诉mysql从文件中读取查询而不是等待键盘输入。可利用外壳程序键入重定向实用程序来完成这项工作

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