详细讲解MySQL数据库对文件操作的封装_MySQL
在查看MySQL对文件的操作中,它在不同的操作系统上对文件的操作,除了使用标准C运行库函数,包括open、close、seek等,在Win32下的文件和目录操作函数使用了CreatFile、CloseHandl、SetFilePointer等,很多人可能不明白为什么对文件的操作要封装出两套函数。
其实使用API和标准库函数都可以生成文本文件和二进制文件,在这点上没有区别。同read()对应的是ReadFile,同write()对应的是WriteFile,同seek()对应的是SetFilePointer,同close对应的是CloseHandle。这两套函数都可以使用。但是Win 32系统把文件的概念进行了扩展。无论是文件、通信设备、命名管道、邮件槽、磁盘、还是控制台,都是用API函数CreateFile来打开或创建的。该函数的声明为:
HANDLE CreateFile(
LPCTSTR lpFileName, // 文件名
DWORD dwDesiredAccess, // 访问模式
DWORD dwShareMode, // 共享模式
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes, // 通常为NULL
DWORD dwCreationDistribution, // 创建方式
DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes, // 文件属性和标志
HANDLE hTemplateFile // 临时文件的句柄,通常为NULL
如果调用成功,那么该函数返回文件的句柄,如果调用失败,则函数返回:
INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE
在用ReadFile和WriteFile读写时,既可以同步执行,也可以异步执行。ReadFile和WriteFile函数是否为执行异步操作是由CreateFile函数决定的。如果在调用CreateFile创建句柄时指定了FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED标志,那么调用ReadFile和WriteFile对该句柄进行的读写操作就是异步的,如果未指定异步标志,则读写操作是同步的。在同步执行时,函数直到操作完成后才返回。这意味着在同步执行时线程会被阻塞,从而导致效率下降。在异步执行时,即使操作还未完成,调用的函数也会立即返回。费时的I/O操作在后台进行,这样线程就可以干别的事情。这样可以大大的提高效率。这一点是值得我们学习和借鉴的,对于我们在文件的操作方面也可以对win32系统进行封装来提高文件操作的效率。

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