MySQL中SQL-TEXT、DATE和SET数据类型_MySQL
MySQL 数据表的字段必须有定义一个数据类型。这有大约 25 种选择,大部分都是直接明了的,就不多费口舌了。但有几个有必要提一下。
TEXT
TEXT 不是一种数据类型,虽然可能有些书上是这么说的。它实际上应该是“ LONG VARCHAR ”或者“ MEDIUMTEXT ”。
DATE
DATE 数据类型的格式是 YYYY-MM-DD ,比如: 1999-12-08 。你可以很容易的用 date 函数来得到这种格式的当前系统时间:
date("Y-m-d")
并且,在 DATA 数据类型之间可以作减法,得到相差的时间天数:
$age = ($current_date - $birthdate);
SET
集合 SET 是一个有用的数据类型,它和枚举 ENUM 有点相似,只不过是 SET 能够保存多个值而 ENUM 只能保存一个值而已。而且, SET 类型最多只能够有 64 个预定的值,而 ENUM 类型却能够处理最多 65,535 个预定义的值。而如果需要有大于 64 个值的集合,该怎么办呢?这时就需要定义多个集合来一起解决这个问题了。
通配符
SQL 的同配符有两种:“ * ”和“ % ”。分别用在不同的情况下。例如:如果你想看到数据库的所有内容,可以像这样来查询:
SELECT * FROM dbname
WHERE USER_ID LIKE '%';
这儿,两个通配符都被用上了。他们表示相同的意思 ?? 都是用来匹配任何的字符串,但是他们用在不同的上下文中。“ * ”用来匹配字段名,而“ % ”用来匹配字段值。另外一个不容易引起注意的地方是“ % ”通配符需要和 LIKE 关键字一起使用。
还有一个通配符,就是下划线“ _ ”,它代表的意思和上面不同,是用来匹配任何单个的字符的

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