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如何写MySQL存储引擎_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 02:01 PM
how storage develop interface

在MySQL 5.1中开发一个存储引擎已经是比较方便了。所谓存储引擎实际上是按照MySQL的约定,提供某些接口的实现而已,如MySQL插入一条记录时将调用write_row方法,通过索引检索时将调用index_read和index_next方法等。MySQL与存储引擎之间的接口主要由两个类/结构约定,分别是在sql/handler.h中定义的handlerton结构和handler类。handlerton结构主要是约定事务操作接口,handler类主要约定表、索引及记录操作接口。对不支持事务的存储引擎只需要创建一个handler的派生类,并重载该引擎需要支持的方法。对于需要支持事务的存储引擎,还需要实现handlerton结构中指定的接口。

  实现了存储引擎本身功能后,还需要按一定格式“声明”一下存储引擎的存在。首先需要定义一个类型为st_mysql_storage_engine的变量,其值为MYSQL_HANDLERTON_INTERFACE_VERSION。如下所示:

struct st_mysql_storage_engine foo_storage_engine=
{ MYSQL_HANDLERTON_INTERFACE_VERSION };


  然后需要用mysql_declare_plugin宏来给出存储引擎的声明,如下所示:

mysql_declare_plugin(foo)          /* foo为存储引擎名称 */
{
 MYSQL_STORAGE_ENGINE_PLUGIN,
 &foo_storage_engine,            /* 这里即为上面定义的st_mysql_storage_engine变量 */
 "FOO",                        /* SHOW ENGINES中显示的存储引擎名称 */
 "Author Here",                  /* 作者名 */
 "Foo storage engine",            /* SHOW ENGINES中显示的存储引擎说明 */
 PLUGIN_LICENSE_GPL,
 init_func,              /* 某函数,将在加载存储引擎时调用 */
 done_func,              /* 某函数,将在卸载存储引擎时调用 */
 0x0001 /* 版本号0.1 */,
 NULL,                     /* status variables */
 NULL,                     /* system variables */
 NULL                     /* config options */
}
mysql_declare_plugin_end;


  照此声明后,在加载存储引擎时MySQL将调用init_func函数,此时会传入一个handlerton变量,存储引擎至少需要设置其中的 state、db_type、create、flags等属性,其中create为一函数指针,将随后被调用。若存储引擎支持事务,则还需要设置 handlerton中事务接口函数指针指向相应的实现函数。

  然后MySQL调用上面设置的create函数,该函数中,存储引擎实现者构建一个该引擎对应的handler派生类实例并返回给 MySQL。至此存储引擎初始化过程完成,存储引擎与MySQL之间的接口也已经确定,此后MySQL即会在相应的时刻调用handlerton结构或 handler类约定的方法。

  MySQL源代码中的storage/example目录给出了很好的示例,该目录实现了一个“最小”的存储引擎EXAMPLE,只是能加载进来玩玩,不能用来存储记录。开发新的存储引擎时,最方便的方法也是拷贝一份example的代码来改

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