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Linux MySQL 5.1安装_MySQL

Jun 01, 2016 pm 02:01 PM
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Linux环境下MySQL5.1(下载 | for Linux)安装步骤

1、下载MySQL免安装版/二进制版软件(不用编译)

文件格式:MYSQL-VERSION-OS.tar.gz

 

2、创建MySQL组,建立MySQL用户并加入到mysql组中

(不同版本的Unix中,groupadd和useradd的语法可能会稍有不同。)

#groupadd mysql

#useradd -g mysql mysql

 

3、进入目录/usr/local,解压缩免安装版,并在此目录中建立名为mysql的软链接

#cd /usr/local

#gunzip

(该命令会在本目录下创建一个名为MYSQL-VERSION-OS的新目录。)

(使用GNU tar,则不再需要gunzip。你可以直接用下面的命令来解包和提取分发:

#> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz)

#ln -s MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql

4、添加MySQL配置文件

如果你想要设置一个选项文件,使用support-files目录中的一个作为模板。在这个目录中有4个模板文件,是根据不同机器的内存定制的。

#cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

(可能你需要用root用户运行这些命令。)

5、设定目录访问权限,用mysql_install_db创建MySQL授权表初始化,并设置mysql,root帐号访问权限

#cd mysql

#chown -R mysql .

#chgrp -R mysql .

#scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

#chown -R root .

#chown -R mysql data

(注意以上命令中的" . "符号不能少。)

 

6、运行MySQL

#bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

(如果没有问题的话,应该会出现类似这样的提示:

[1] 42264

# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/var

如果出现 mysql ended这样的语句,表示Mysql没有正常启动,你可以到log中查找问题,Log文件的通常在/etc/my.cnf中配置。

大多数问题是权限设置不正确引起的。 )

 

7、设置root密码。默认安装密码为空,为了安全你需要修改密码

#/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password yourpassword

 

8、拷贝编译目录的一个脚本,设置开机自动启动

#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

#chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysqld

#chkconfig –add mysqld

#chkconfig –level 345 mysqld on

 

9、启动mysqld服务

#service mysqld start

 

10、查看3306端口是否打开。要注意在防火墙中开放该端口

#netstat -atln

 

免安装版/二进制版安装基本命令概述:

shell> groupadd mysql

shell> useradd -g mysql mysql

shell> cd /usr/local

shell> gunzip

shell> ln -s FULL-PATH-TO-MYSQL-VERSION-OS mysql

shell> cd mysql

shell> chown -R mysql .

shell> chgrp -R mysql .

shell> scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql

shell> chown -R root .

shell> chown -R mysql data

shell> bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &

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