Using Golang reflection to implement dynamic type processing

Reflection is a feature of Go that is used to inspect and modify types at runtime and can be used for dynamic type processing. The specific steps include: getting the type object (reflect.Type), getting the type information (name, type), getting the value reflection value (reflect.Value), getting the value information (type, converted to interface{}), and different executions are performed according to the value type. operate.

Using Go reflection to implement dynamic type processing

Reflection is a powerful feature provided by Go, which allows the program to inspect and modify itself at runtime. This is useful in many scenarios, such as dynamic typing.

Basic principles of reflection

Reflection uses the reflect package. It represents a type object of type reflect.Type that contains metadata about the type. We can use the reflect.ValueOf() function to get the reflection value of a value, which is of type reflect.Value.

Get type information

We can use the reflect.Type type method to get information about the type:

func (t reflect.Type) Name() string // 返回类型的名称
func (t reflect.Type) Kind() reflect.Kind // 返回类型的种类

Get value information

reflect.Value The method of type provides information about the value:

func (v reflect.Value) Kind() reflect.Kind // 返回值的种类
func (v reflect.Value) Interface() interface{} // 将值转换为 `interface{}`
func (v reflect.Value) IsNil() bool // 检查值是否为 nil

Practical case

The following code demonstrates how to use reflection to dynamically handle different types of Variable:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "reflect"
)

func main() {
    // 定义一个接口变量
    var v interface{}

    // 为 v 赋值为 int 类型
    v = 100
    processValue(v)

    // 为 v 赋值为 string 类型
    v = "Hello, world!"
    processValue(v)
}

func processValue(v interface{}) {
    // 获取值的反射值
    r := reflect.ValueOf(v)

    // 输出类型信息
    fmt.Printf("Type: %s\n", r.Type().Name())

    // 根据值类型执行不同操作
    switch r.Kind() {
    case reflect.Int:
        fmt.Println("Value as integer:", r.Int())
    case reflect.String:
        fmt.Println("Value as string:", r.String())
    default:
        fmt.Println("Unknown type")
    }

    // 将值转换为 `interface{}` 并打印
    fmt.Println("Value as interface{}:", r.Interface())
}

Output:

Type: int
Value as integer: 100
Value as interface{}: 100
Type: string
Value as string: Hello, world!
Value as interface{}: Hello, world!

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