Solve the problem of path loss after Python downloads files

Common reasons for missing paths after downloading files in Python are: urllib urlretrieve() function returns no path; requests download() method path does not exist or does not have permission. The solutions are: use the temporary path rename() function to obtain the path; create a directory and grant permissions before downloading.

Solve the problem of path loss after downloading files in Python

urllib and in Python The requests library is a commonly used library for downloading files. However, sometimes the downloaded file may not have the correct path, which can cause difficulties in further processing. This article will explore common causes of missing paths after downloading files in Python and provide practical guidance on how to resolve them.

Reason 1: urllibIn the libraryurlretrieve()Function

urllibIn the library urlretrieve()The function will download the file, but it does not provide a method to obtain the path of the downloaded file. To resolve this issue, you can first download the file to a temporary path and then use the os module's rename() function to move it to the desired path.

Code example:

import urllib.request
import os

# 下载文件到临时路径
url = 'https://example.com/file.txt'
tempfile, _ = urllib.request.urlretrieve(url)

# 移动文件到所需路径
dest_path = '/path/to/file.txt'
os.rename(tempfile, dest_path)

Reason 2: requestsdownload()method in the library

requestsThe download() method in the library will directly download the file to the specified path. However, if the path does not exist or cannot be written, the file path will be lost. To avoid this problem, make sure to create the directory and give appropriate permissions before calling the download() method.

Code example:

import requests

# 创建下载目录
os.makedirs('download_dir', exist_ok=True)

# 下载文件到指定路径
url = 'https://example.com/file.txt'
dest_path = os.path.join('download_dir', 'file.txt')
requests.get(url).content.download(dest_path)

Practical case

Suppose we need to download a text file from the websitemyfile.txt and save it to the data subdirectory in the current working directory. The following code demonstrates how to use the requests library and resolve the missing path issue:

Code example:

import requests
import os

# 创建data子目录（如果不存在）
os.makedirs('data', exist_ok=True)

# 下载文件到data子目录
url = 'https://example.com/myfile.txt'
dest_path = os.path.join('data', 'myfile.txt')
requests.get(url).content.download(dest_path)

# 获取下载文件路径
print(f"下载文件路径：{dest_path}")

After running this code, ## will be downloaded #myfile.txt file and save it to the data subdirectory. The code will also print the full path of the downloaded file.

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