确保所有的非空(Non-NULL)值都是唯一的_MySQL
问:我的SQL Server表的一列允许NULL值。我希望在其值为非NULL时,该列是唯一的。怎样才能以编程的方式实现这一行为?如果在该列上设置一个UNIQUE 约束,我只能包含一个值为NULL的记录。我正在使用触发器实现这一约束,您可以推荐一个更简单的方法以保证所有的非NULL值唯一吗?
答:SQL Server没有实现非NULL值唯一性的内建机制,因此您需要通过自定义的CHECK约束来实现这一机制。例如,以下一段编码实现了您所需要的功能:
USE tempdb
CREATE table t1 (c1 int NULL, c2 char(5) NULL)
CREATE trigger mytrigger on t1 for insert, update as
BEGIN
IF (select max(cnt) from (select count(i.c1)
as cnt from t1, inserted i where t1.c1=i.c1 group
by i.c1) x) > 1
ROLLBACK TRAN
END
在SQL Server 2000中,您还可以使用INSTEAD OF触发器来实现这一功能。有关INSTEAD OF触发器的详细信息,请参阅以下文章。如需访问这些文章,请访问SQL Server 杂志网站,在InstantDoc框中输入InstantDoc号,然后点击Go。相关文章如下:
Tricks with INSTEAD OF Triggers; InstantDoc number 15828
INSTEAD OF Triggers on Views; InstantDoc number 15791
INSTEAD OF Triggers; InstantDoc number 15524
—SQL Server MVPs

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