Uncovering the secrets of Golang integer conversion: achieving efficient data operations

In Go, integer conversion involves basic principles, base conversion, bit operations, practical cases and efficient operations: Basic principles: Integers have signed and unsigned types, and the size and range vary depending on the platform. Base conversion: strconv provides methods to convert integers between different bases (decimal, hexadecimal, octal, binary). Bitwise operations: The bitwise operators (&, |, ^, <<, and >>) are used to operate on integers at the binary level. Practical cases: data storage compression, network transmission optimization and efficient operation. Efficient operations: The math/big package provides high-precision integer types for handling very large integers.

Uncover the secret of Golang integer conversion: achieve efficient data operation

In Golang, integer conversion is to operate and store numeric types important part of the data. By understanding its basic principles and efficient usage techniques, you can significantly improve application performance and code readability.

Basic Principles

Integers in Golang are signed or unsigned types, and their size and range vary depending on the underlying platform. Signed integers can take positive and negative values ​​within a range, while unsigned integers only represent non-negative values.

Base conversion

Golang provides the strconv package for converting in different bases (decimal, hexadecimal, octal and binary ) to convert integers between.

import "strconv"

// 将十进制 123 转换为十六进制
hexString := strconv.FormatInt(123, 16)

// 将十六进制 "7B" 转换为十进制
dec, _ := strconv.ParseInt("7B", 16, 0)

Bit operations

Bit operators (&,|,^,<< and ) can be used to manipulate integers at the binary level.

// 设置整数的第 3 位
num |= 1 << 3

// 获取整数的第 5 位
bit5 := (num  >> 5) & 1

Practical case

Data storage compression

By storing data in a higher base, we can clearly To reduce storage space. For example, storing decimal integers as hexadecimal saves half the space.

// 将十进制序列 [10, 20, 30, 40] 存储为十六进制
hexData := []byte{}
for _, value := range data {
    hexData = append(hexData, []byte(strconv.FormatInt(value, 16))...)
}

Network transmission optimization

In network transmission, integers are usually sent in binary format. Using bitwise operators we can pack multiple integers into a single byte array, thus reducing transfer time.

// 将两个整数打包到字节数组中
data := []byte{
    byte(num1 >> 8), // 高 8 位
    byte(num1),  // 低 8 位
    byte(num2 >> 8), // 高 8 位
    byte(num2),  // 低 8 位
}

Efficient operation

By using functions of specific integer types, we can improve the efficiency of operations. For example, the math/big package provides a high-precision integer type for handling very large integers.

import "math/big"

// 创建一个大整数
num := new(big.Int).SetUint64(1 << 64)

Conclusion

Mastering Golang’s integer conversion technology is crucial for efficient data operations. By understanding basic principles, base conversions, bit operations, and practical examples, developers can optimize application performance and code readability.

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