What does laravel middleware mean?

Laravel middleware is an interceptor component in HTTP request and response processing, used to extend application functionality with custom logic. Middleware validates requests, modifies data, performs application operations, redirects requests, and handles errors and exceptions. Laravel provides built-in middleware such as Auth and Throttle, or you can create custom middleware. Middleware can be used through global middleware or routing middleware to enhance the security, functionality, and maintainability of your application.

Laravel middleware

In the Laravel framework, middleware is a kind of HTTP request and response processing process Interceptor component executed in . They provide a way to extend application functionality with custom logic without modifying controller or routing files.

How middleware works

When an HTTP request reaches a Laravel application, it goes through a stack of middleware. These middleware can:

• Validate requests
• Modify request data
• Perform application-specific operations
• Redirect certain requests to others Routing
• Handling errors and exceptions

Middleware types

Laravel provides a variety of built-in middleware, such as:

• Auth: Used to verify user identity authentication
• Csrf: Prevent cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks
• Throttle: Limit the number of requests a user can make within a specified time
• HttpsMiddleware: Force HTTP requests to be redirected to HTTPS

Alright Create custom middleware to meet your application's specific needs.

Using middleware

There are two main ways to use middleware in Laravel:

• Global middleware:Defined in the $middleware attribute in the app/Http/Kernel.php file and applies to all HTTP routes in the application.
• Route middleware: Use the middleware method in a route definition to attach to a single route or route group.

Example:

// 全局中间件
Route::middleware(['auth', 'throttle:10,1'])->group(function () {
    // 路由组中的所有路由都需要身份验证和速率限制
});

// 单个路由中间件
Route::get('/profile', 'ProfileController@show')->middleware('can:view-profile');

Summary

Laravel middleware are powerful tools that can be used to enhance applications security, functionality and maintainability. By creating custom middleware, developers can easily extend the functionality of Laravel applications without modifying the core code.

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