What are the best practices for PHP functions?

Write efficient, readable code by following PHP function best practices: use descriptive function names; define parameter types and return values; group logic into functions; use default parameter values; avoid using global variables; handle exceptions.

Best Practices for PHP Functions

Writing modular and well-maintained code in PHP is crucial. Adopting best practices can help you write functions that are efficient, readable, and easy to debug.

1. Use descriptive function names

The function name should clearly describe the function of the function. Avoid using vague or generic names. For example, calculate_order_total is more descriptive than do_something.

2. Define parameter types and return values ​​

Explicitly specify parameter types and return value types in the function signature. This helps catch errors and makes the code more readable. Use type hints:

function calculate_order_total(array $items): float
{
    // ...
}

3. Group logic into functions

Group related code into functions. This makes the code easier to understand and reuse. For example, put validation logic into a separate function:

function validate_input(array $input): array
{
    // ...
}

4. Use default parameter values

For optional parameters, specify the default value instead of Check null in the function body. This makes your code cleaner and easier to read. For example:

function send_email(string $to, string $subject, string $body = ""): void
{
    // ...
}

5. Avoid using global variables

Global variables make the code difficult to maintain and debug. Try to use local variables inside functions or pass data through parameters.

6. Handle exceptions

Use try-catch blocks to handle exceptions in functions. This prevents the script from terminating unexpectedly. For example:

try {
    // 函数逻辑...
} catch (Exception $e) {
    // 处理异常...
}

Practical case

The following is an example of a PHP function that follows these best practices:

<?php
function calculate_order_total(array $items): float
{
    $total = 0.0;
    foreach ($items as $item) {
        $total += $item['price'] * $item['quantity'];
    }
    return $total;
}
?>

This function is descriptive (calculate_order_total), defines parameter and return value types, uses local variables to store intermediate results, and handles exceptions correctly.

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