How to optimize performance of Golang functions?

Ways to optimize Go function performance include: Reduce allocations: Reduce memory allocations by using stack variables or pre-allocated loop variables. Inline functions: For small functions, the overhead of function calls is eliminated through inlining. Optimize loops: Eliminating range checks, allocating variables in advance, and avoiding unnecessary append operations can improve loop efficiency.

Go function performance optimization

Introduction
Go language is famous for its high efficiency and concurrency performance famous. Function performance is critical to optimizing the overall performance of your application. This article explores several techniques for improving the performance of Go functions.

Reduce Allocation
Allocating memory is an expensive operation. By using the stack instead of the heap, you can reduce the number of allocations. For example:

func fibonacci(n int) int {
    if n <= 1 {
        return n
    }

    // 使用堆栈变量。
    prev, next := 1, 1

    for i := 2; i < n; i++ {
        prev, next = next, prev+next
    }

    return next
}

Inline function
The function کوچک (-inline=always. For example:

//go:inline
func minus(a, b int) int {
    return a - b
}

Optimizing Loops
Loops are a common performance bottleneck in code. When optimizing loops, you should pay attention to the following points:

• Cancel range checking: Use for i := range arr instead of for i : = 0; i < len(arr); i can eliminate range checks and improve performance.
• Allocation in advance: Allocation of loop variables in advance can reduce the number of allocations.
• Avoid unnecessaryappend operations: Performing multiple append operations on a slice can be very inefficient. Consider using slice.XCopyY to copy the slice directly.

Practical case

The following example compares the performance of unoptimized and optimized Fibonacci functions:

Unoptimized:

func fibonacci(n int) int {
    if n == 0 {
        return 0
    }
    if n <= 2 {
        return 1
    }
    return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2)
}

Optimized:

func fibonacciOpt(n int) int {
    if n <= 1 {
        return n
    }

    // 使用堆栈变量。
    var a, b, c int = 0, 1, 0

    for i := 2; i < n; i++ {
         c = a + b
         a = b
         b = c
    }

    return c
}

Using go test benchmark, you can observe The optimized function is 3 times faster than the unoptimized function:

BenchmarkFibonacciOpt-8        549903100        2.16 ns/op
BenchmarkFibonacci-8         189643692       5.60 ns/op

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