What are the best guidelines for Golang function documentation?

Follow Go function documentation best practices: use the godoc tool to generate interactive documentation. Follow Go annotation rules, including parameter and return value descriptions. Illustrate function usage with examples. Describe edge cases and cite relevant functions or types. Improve document readability with Markdown syntax.

Best Practice Guidelines for Go Function Documentation

Function documentation is critical to maintaining and scaling Go applications. This article will guide you in writing high-quality function documentation while providing practical examples to illustrate best practices.

1. Use the godoc tool to generate documentation

Go provides the godoc tool to generate function documentation. Running the tool with godoc -http=":8080" will start an HTTP server locally to provide interactive documentation for your function.

2. Follow Go comment rules

Go comment rules specify the format of function documentation. Make sure to follow these rules:

• Start comments with ///.
• Use a short summary sentence to describe the purpose of the function.
• Use a new line at the beginning to describe the parameters accepted by the function.
• Use @param to mark parameter types and descriptions.
• Use @return to mark the return type and description.

Practical case:

// 比较两个字符串的长度
func CompareStringLengths(s1, s2 string) (int, error) {
    // 参数类型和描述
    // @param s1 第一个字符串
    // @param s2 第二个字符串
    
    if s1 == "" || s2 == "" {
        return 0, errors.New("至少需要提供一个非空字符串")
    }

    // 返回类型和描述
    // @return 返回字符串长度之差，如果任一字符串为空，则返回 0
    return len(s1) - len(s2), nil
}

3. Add examples

Examples can clarify the usage of functions. Use the @code tag to include sample code:

// 通过将整数转换为字符串来格式化数字
func FormatNumber(n int) string {
    // 示例
    // @code
    // result := FormatNumber(1234)
    // fmt.Println(result) // 输出："1,234"
    
    return strconv.FormatInt(int64(n), 10)
}

4. Describe edge cases

Explicitly indicate how your function behaves in edge cases Very important. Use the @see tag to reference related functions or types:

// 查找字符串中第一个出现的子字符串
func FindSubstring(s, substr string) (int, error) {
    // 边际情况描述
    // @see strings.Contains
    if s == "" || substr == "" {
        return -1, errors.New("提供的字符串不能都为空")
    }
    
    return strings.Index(s, substr), nil
}

5. Use Markdown syntax

Markdown syntax can be used to enhance the readability of your documents. Readability. Use headings, code blocks, and lists to organize information:

// 计算给定列表中所有数字的总和
func SumNumbers(nums []int) int {
    // Markdown 语法
    // ### 返回值
    // @return 列表中所有数字的总和

    sum := 0
    for _, num := range nums {
        sum += num
    }
    return sum
}

By following these best practices, you can write clear, comprehensive, and easy-to-understand documentation of your Go functions. This will improve the maintainability of your code and make it easier for other developers to understand and use your functions.

The above is the detailed content of What are the best guidelines for Golang function documentation?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!