How to handle function exceptions in C++?

Exception handling is a mechanism in C for handling runtime errors. Throw exceptions with throw and catch and handle them with try, catch, and finally blocks. The specific syntax is as follows: try { // Code that may cause exceptions}catch (const std::exception& e) { // Catch and handle exceptions}catch(...) { // Catch all exceptions}

How to handle function exceptions in C

Exception handling is a mechanism in C to handle runtime errors. Use the throw keyword to throw exceptions, and use try, catch, and optionally finally blocks to catch and handle exceptions.

Syntax:

try {
  // 可能引发异常的代码
} catch (const std::exception& e) {
  // 捕获并处理异常
} catch(...) {
  // 捕获所有异常
}

Practical example:

Consider the following function, which converts a string to an integer:

int string_to_int(std::string str) {
  try {
    int num = std::stoi(str);
    return num;
  } catch (const std::invalid_argument& e) {
    std::cout << "无法将字符串转换为整数" << std::endl;
    return -1;
  } catch (const std::out_of_range& e) {
    std::cout << "整数超出范围" << std::endl;
    return -1;
  }
}

Use this function in the main function:

int main() {
  std::string input = "123";
  int num;

  try {
    num = string_to_int(input);
    std::cout << num << std::endl;
  } catch (const std::exception& e) {
    std::cout << "出现异常: " << e.what() << std::endl;
  }

  return 0;
}

Advantages:

• Improve program robustness
• Allow Handle specific exceptions at specific locations
• Provide error information and custom error handling
• Prevent unexpected program termination

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