The creation and life cycle of Golang coroutines

Coroutine is a lightweight thread that reuses execution units in the same call stack through explicit switching. Its life cycle includes creation, execution, suspension, recovery and completion. Use the go keyword to create a coroutine, which can be used for parallel calculations (such as calculating Fibonacci numbers) in practice.

The creation and life cycle of Golang coroutines

Introduction

Coroutines It is a lightweight thread. Coroutines are similar to threads and are independent execution units. But unlike threads, coroutines do not need to have independent call stacks like threads. Instead, they reuse the call stacks of coroutine creation functions by explicitly suspending (yield) or resuming (resume) the coroutine. Make the switch.

Create a coroutine

In Go, use the go keyword to create a coroutine. The syntax is as follows:

go <协程体>

Among them, <coroutine body> represents the code block to be executed by the coroutine.

The life cycle of the coroutine

The life cycle of the coroutine is mainly divided into the following stages:

• Creation: Coroutines are created using the go keyword.
• Execution: The coroutine starts executing its code block.
• Suspension: The coroutine is suspended by calling the chan <- or select statement.
• Recovery: The coroutine is restored through the <-chan or select statement.
• Complete: Coroutine execution is completed, or close(chan) is called.

Practical case

The following is an example of using coroutine to calculate the Fibonacci sequence:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    // 创建一个协程计算斐波那契数列
    go func() {
        first, second := 0, 1
        for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
            fmt.Println(first)
            temp := first
            first = second
            second = temp + second
        }
    }()

    // 主协程等待其他协程执行完成
    <-make(chan bool)
}

In this example, We create a goroutine to calculate the Fibonacci sequence. The main coroutine uses make(chan bool) to create an unbuffered channel and waits for the channel to be closed. When the goroutine completes its computation, it closes the channel, thereby notifying the main goroutine of the end.

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