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Do C++ lambda expressions support templates?

Apr 17, 2024 pm 01:09 PM
c++ lambda template

是的,C++ lambda 表达式支持模板,可让你创建根据不同类型参数定制的通用 lambda 表达式:语法:[template-parameter-list](parameters) -> return-type { lambda-body }示例:auto square_root = [](T x) -> T { return std::sqrt(x); }实战案例:创建通用的算法和数据结构,如用于不同类型集合的排序算法

C++ lambda 表达式是否支持模板?

C++ lambda 表达式是否支持模板?

是的,C++ lambda 表达式支持模板。这让你可以创建通用的 lambda 表达式,这些表达式可以根据不同的类型参数进行定制。

语法

要创建模板 lambda 表达式,请使用以下语法:

[template-parameter-list](parameters) -> return-type { lambda-body }
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其中:

  • template-parameter-list 是模板参数列表,就像在普通函数或类中一样。
  • parameters 是 lambda 表达式的参数列表,就像在普通 lambda 表达式中一样。
  • return-type 是 lambda 表达式的返回类型,就像在普通 lambda 表达式中一样。
  • lambda-body 是 lambda 表达式的正文,就像在普通 lambda 表达式中一样。

示例

以下示例演示如何使用模板参数创建模板 lambda 表达式:

// 定义一个根据类型参数 T 计算平方根的 lambda 表达式
auto square_root = [](T x) -> T {
  return std::sqrt(x);
};

// 将 lambda 表达式用于不同的类型
double a = square_root(2.0);
int b = square_root(4);
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在这个示例中,square_root lambda 表达式是一个模板,它根据参数的类型计算平方根。它可以用于计算不同类型的平方根,就像示例中所示。

实战案例

模板 lambda 表达式可用于创建通用的算法和数据结构。例如,你可以创建一个用于对不同类型的集合排序的通用排序算法:

template <typename T>
void sort(std::vector<T>& vec) {
  std::sort(vec.begin(), vec.end(),
    [](T a, T b) { return a < b; });
}

// 用于排序 int 的示例
std::vector<int> int_vec = {3, 1, 4, 2};
sort(int_vec);

// 用于排序 string 的示例
std::vector<std::string> str_vec = {"b", "a", "d", "c"};
sort(str_vec);
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结论

C++ lambda 表达式支持模板,让你可以创建通用 lambda 表达式,这些表达式可以根据不同的类型参数进行定制。这使你可以创建通用的算法和数据结构,它们可以与不同的类型一起使用。

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