What is the difference between Golang function debugging and unit testing?

Function debugging and unit testing are different concepts in Golang, which are used to find runtime errors (function debugging) and verify code correctness (unit testing) respectively.

The difference between Golang function debugging and unit testing

Introduction

Golang Medium , Function debugging and unit testing are two different concepts. Function debugging is used to find errors in real time while the code is running, while unit testing is used to automatically verify that the code works as expected.

Function debugging

Function debugging uses built-in debugging tools, such as debugger and pprof, to check when the code is running the behavior of the function. It allows to pause code execution at specific breakpoints and inspect variable values, stack traces, etc.

Practical case

func main() {
    a := 10
    b := 20
    c := a + b
    // 设置断点
    debugger.Break()
    fmt.Println(c)
}

When running this code, the program will pause at the added breakpoint, allowing the use of debugger to view variable values ​​and execution path.

Unit Testing

Unit testing is a formal way of creating automated test cases to verify that a specific function works as expected. It uses the testing package, which provides Test type of functions for writing and running tests.

Practical case

import (
    "testing"
)

func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
    a := 10
    b := 20
    expected := 30
    actual := Add(a, b)
    if actual != expected {
        t.Errorf("Add(%d, %d) = %d; expected %d", a, b, actual, expected)
    }
}

When running this test, it will automatically check whether the output of the Add function is as expected, and report it if it fails mistake.

Key differences

• Purpose: Function debugging is used to find runtime errors, while unit testing is used to verify correctness.
• Timing: Function debugging is performed at runtime, while unit testing is performed early in the code development process.
• Granularity: Function debugging examines specific functions, while unit testing verifies the behavioral code of a class.
• Automation: Function debugging is a manual process, while unit testing is automated.

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