Thread safety of data structures in Golang functional concurrent programming

Ensuring the thread safety of data structures is crucial in GoLang. You can use the following methods: Mutex lock: ensure that only one goroutine accesses shared data at the same time. Read-write lock: Concurrent reads are allowed, but only one write can be performed at the same time. Channel: An operation that guarantees that sending and receiving data is atomic. Atomic operations: Efficient operations that directly operate on memory locations, ensuring no interference from other goroutines.

Thread safety of data structures in GoLang function concurrent programming

In concurrent programming, ensure the thread safety of shared data structures Crucial. GoLang provides several ways to achieve this goal.

Mutex (Mutex)

Mutex is one of the most common synchronization primitives, used to ensure that only one goroutine (concurrent task) can operate at the same time Access shared data.

var lock = sync.Mutex{}

func incrementCounter() {
    lock.Lock()
    defer lock.Unlock()
    count++
}

Read-write lock (RWMutex)

Read-write lock allows concurrent reads, but only one write can be performed at the same time. This is typically used for data structures that need to be read frequently but written occasionally.

var rwlock = sync.RWMutex{}

func readCounter() {
    rwlock.RLock()
    defer rwlock.RUnlock()
    return count
}

func incrementCounter() {
    rwlock.Lock()
    defer rwlock.Unlock()
    count++
}

Channels

Channels are another tool used in GoLang to achieve thread safety. Channels ensure that sending and receiving data are atomic operations.

var counterChan = make(chan int)

func incrementCounter() {
    counterChan <- 1
}

func readCounter() int {
    return <-counterChan
}

Atomic operations

Atomic operations are efficient operations that directly operate on memory locations. They guarantee that there will be no interference from other goroutines during execution.

var count int32

func incrementCounter() {
    atomic.AddInt32(&count, 1)
}

func readCounter() int32 {
    return atomic.LoadInt32(&count)
}

Practical case

Consider a scenario where multiple goroutines access a shared counter at the same time. To ensure that the counter is thread-safe, access to it can be protected using a mutex.

var counter int
var lock sync.Mutex

func incrementCounter() {
    lock.Lock()
    defer lock.Unlock()
    counter++
}

func main() {
    for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
        go incrementCounter()
    }
    fmt.Println("Final counter value:", counter)
}

In this example, the mutex ensures that only one goroutine will execute the incrementCounter function at any given time, thus ensuring the thread safety of the counter.

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