How does the C++ function library handle exceptions?
Apr 18, 2024 pm 02:12 PMC function library exception handling is implemented through the try-catch statement, which can capture exception types and handle them. Common exception types include logic errors, runtime errors, memory allocation failures, type conversion failures, and index out-of-range. The actual case demonstrates exception handling when reading files, which can output error messages or take corresponding measures.
Exception handling in C function library
In large-scale software development, the exception handling mechanism is crucial, it can effectively handle the process of running the program various unexpected situations. This article will introduce how to use the C function library to establish an efficient exception handling mechanism, and provide practical cases for reference.
Exception handling mechanism
The C function library implements the exception handling mechanism through the try-catch
statement:
try { // 可能引发异常的代码 } catch (异常类型1& e) { // 捕获异常类型1并进行处理 } catch (异常类型2& e) { // 捕获异常类型2并进行处理 } ...
Common exception types
C standard library defines many exception types, the most common of which are:
std::logic_error
: Logic errors, such as parameter errors, invalid status, etc.std::runtime_error
: Runtime errors, such as memory allocation failure, file access failure, etc.std::bad_alloc
: Memory allocation failurestd::bad_cast
: Type conversion failedstd::out_of_range
: Index or iterator out of range
Actual combat Case
Scenario:Open a file and read its contents
Code:
#include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { string filename; cout << "请输入文件名:"; cin >> filename; try { ifstream file(filename); if (!file) { throw runtime_error("文件打开失败!"); } // 读取文件内容 string line; while (getline(file, line)) { cout << line << endl; } } catch (runtime_error& e) { cout << "发生了运行时错误:" << e.what() << endl; } return 0; }
Execution effect:
If the file is opened successfully, the program will print out the contents of the file. Otherwise, the program will output "A runtime error occurred:" and display the specific error message.
Summary
Using the exception handling mechanism of the C function library can effectively deal with unexpected situations during program running. This article introduces the basic principles of exception handling, common exception types, and provides practical cases for developers' reference.
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