Joining forces to enter the L2 track, how can World Chain and Optimism Super Chain achieve a win-win situation?

Compilation丨Jordan, PANews

After multiple migrations within the Ethereum ecosystem, on the evening of April 17, the encryption project co-founded by Sam Altman Worldcoin announced that it will launch its own Layer 2 network: World Chain, which means that Worldcoin can finally find its home in a place where it can scale.

So, why did Worldcoin choose to build its own blockchain and enter the slightly crowded L2 track?

The Difficult Road to Worldcoin Blockchain Scaling

The Worldcoin protocol has always hoped to become the world’s largest financial network and identity network and the most inclusive project, but if everyone in the world is allowed to Individuals can easily join, which means that its system needs to be able to support billions of users. From a technical point of view, currently no blockchain can meet the needs of the Worldcoin protocol.

At the end of 2020, the Worldcoin team discovered the Hubble project and began to implement a higher-performance sequencer. Hubble’s original hybrid zk/optimistic design adopted BLS signature aggregation, custom compressed transaction formats, and fraud proofs, and was successful Supported the World App, an early application developed by the Worldcoin protocol, which expanded to approximately 700,000 users in the Alpha stage.

However, Hubble's design proved to be limited in terms of user and developer experience, because Hubble only allowed simple transfers and required protocol upgrades to add new transaction types, but at this time Worldcoin user needs were not only Is it simple to hold or send WLD tokens, World App started by deploying secure accounts for users, providing users with exchange and access to other tokens, and allowing gas-free meta transactions, so Worldcoin core contributors decided to migrate to the Polygon PoS network, The network was the only high-performance and low-cost network in the Ethereum ecosystem at the time.

Time is moving forward. In July 2023, shortly before Worldcoin released the beta version, Worldcoin believed that Ethereum Rollup was mature enough and migrated to the OP main network. At that time, Worldcoin users had grown to about 2 million, but With the project launched, Worldcoin will be released soon. The entire L2 ecosystem seems to be still in the early stages for the Worldcoin project, and many areas in the infrastructure stack still need improvement, such as the OP mainnet itself, relay infrastructure, RPC providers wait.

The migration to L2 has also exposed many inefficient on-chain activity issues. In addition, the recent L2 overall activity solicitation has caused the L1 Gas price to increase by more than 20 times for a sustained period of time. Fortunately, Ethereum's "Dencun" upgrade EIP-4844 has been released in February 2024. After that, Worldcoin users no longer worry about Gas price issues. However, EIP-4844 does not solve the long-term scalability problem of Ethereum. Mainnet Still need to go through a series of long-term improvements such as Danksharding.

上图：过去30天Worldcoin使用OP主网的所有Gas百分比

At this stage, Worldcoin user transactions have accounted for 44% of OP mainnet activities every month, and during the peak period this value will rise by more than 80% and sometimes even more than the limit. Given the size and growth rate of the community, it was time for Worldcoin to move to a dedicated network – and World Chain was born.

World Chain: Expanding Worldcoin and L2

At this stage, if you want to meet the on-chain needs of Worldcoin, both L1 and L2 will take several years to make significant improvements. For the Worldcoin Foundation , L2 can be a place for experimentation and innovation. On the other hand, putting everyone in the world on the chain is a very difficult thing and beyond the capabilities of any single entity, so Worldcoin chooses to cooperate with Optimism, Coinbase, and more broadly The Ethereum ecosystem has become part of the Superchain and jointly launched an exclusive L2 network: World Chain.

World Chain is a new type of blockchain designed specifically for humans, open to everyone. Compared to robots, verified humans will have priority in obtaining block space and gas subsidies for temporary transactions. Everyone can Transactions can be submitted to World Chain, but transactions created by humans will be prioritized for faster confirmation times. Developers can reach millions of real users around the world by developing applications on World Chain.

In addition, World Chain will be deeply integrated with the Worldcoin protocol and use World ID’s personality proof to achieve permission-free and open source goals. The blockchain will eventually be independently managed by the community. According to Worldcoin, the World Chain developer preview version will be launched soon, and it is expected to be fully launched later this summer.

It is worth mentioning that World Chain will not try to cover all possible blockchain use cases. Through World ID’s anti-Sybil attack capabilities, its goal is to create a decentralized center that focuses on the practicality of daily life. ized financial and identity application ecosystem and is built around Worldcoin, stablecoins, payments, rewards, lending, exchange and more.

Above: World Chain users can choose to use World ID to anonymously verify that their address is a real person, and then receive priority block space and Gas quota

Worldchain is a The OP Stack chain will focus on scale, and the short-term goal is to significantly increase the gas limit of the L2 blockchain - but it should be noted that this goal involves certain risks and cannot be carried out blindly, so Worldcoin decided to use a safer way performed while meeting application needs by studying worst-case performance scenarios.

According to Worldcoin, in addition to improvements to the execution layer, Worldchain will explore alternative data available (DA) layers, including a DA layer similar to Plasma. Although EIP-4844 alleviates the current Ethereum throughput bottleneck problem, the data availability layer problem may soon reappear. If the scale of Worldcoin users continues to expand in the future, World Chain may be required to switch to an alternative DA layer at some point. To achieve further growth without burdening users with high fees.

How do World Chain and Super Chain achieve a win-win situation?

Choosing OP Stack is actually a "shortcut" to Worldcoin.

Using OP Stack to build shared standard blockchain software, Worldcoin will gain the advantages of scalability and low fees. At the same time, the Optimism ecosystem can also get a share of the on-chain revenue generated by World Chain, and these The revenue will in turn be used to fund open source development and other improvements to the network, benefiting both builders and users. This economic model can allow the super chain to achieve self-sustainment of network value.

By joining Superchain, World Chain will be able to interact with other blockchains such as Base, Mode, OP Mainnet and Zora. Developers who support Worldcoin can also continue to contribute directly to the Ethereum network, and Cooperate with the super chain ecosystem on shared infrastructure. In addition, following the early OP Chains, World Chain also plans to actively participate in the governance of Optimism.

In general, the core of Worldcoin’s vision is to promote people all over the world to get on the chain, and the digital identity ecosystem based on World ID will continue to expand, so that more and more people can understand governance, DeFi, social media, games, etc. Contribute in all aspects. The goal of World Chain is actually very simple, which is to create a scalable and inclusive blockchain future, unlock on-chain identities and build a fairer digital economy for everyone.

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