Golang function design principles revealed

Go function design principles include: function signature declares function name, parameters and return value type; variable parameters allow calls without knowing the number of parameters; multiple values ​​can be returned, simplifying naming by returning values ​​by name; function types can be used to create and transfer function. An example of functional design in practice is the summation function sum, which uses variadic arguments and a loop summation.

Go function design principles revealed

In the Go language, functions are the basic modules for building programs. Understanding its design principles is critical to writing efficient, maintainable code.

Function signature

The function signature declares the name, parameter type and return value type of the function. It follows the following format:

func functionName(parameter_list) (return_value_list)

For example:

func add(x int, y int) int {
    return x + y
}

Variadic arguments

Go functions support variadic arguments, allowing functions to be called without knowing the number of arguments. Variable parameters are represented by ... symbols and must be the last parameter in the parameter list.

func sum(numbers ...int) int {
    total := 0
    for _, number := range numbers {
        total += number
    }
    return total
}

Return multiple values

Go functions can return multiple values. The list of return types must be enclosed in parentheses.

func divide(x int, y int) (quotient int, remainder int) {
    quotient = x / y
    remainder = x % y
    return
}

Name return value

You can use the name return value to simplify the naming of the return value. The name return value must be the last return value and its type must be the same as the previous return type.

func swap(x, y int) (y, x) {
    return
}

Function type

Go functions are also types. We can create function types and use them as parameters or return values ​​of other functions.

type SumFunc func(x, y int) int

func createSumFunc() SumFunc {
    return func(x, y int) int {
        return x + y
    }
}

Practical case

The following is a practical case using function design:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    numbers := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

    total := sum(numbers...)
    fmt.Println("Total:", total)
}

func sum(numbers ...int) int {
    total := 0
    for _, number := range numbers {
        total += number
    }
    return total
}

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