How to configure environment variables in nodejs

There are two ways to configure environment variables in Node.js: use the process.env object and set environment variables by assigning property values. Using the dotenv library, environment variables in the .env file are imported and accessed through process.env.

How to configure environment variables in Node.js

There are two ways to configure environment variables in Node.js Main methods:

1. Use the process.env object

process.env is a global object that contains the environment variables of the current process . To set environment variables, you assign them to properties of process.env:

<code>process.env.MY_VARIABLE = "my_value";</code>

2. Using the dotenv library

dotenv is a Node.js library that can automatically load environment variables, which are stored in the .env file. To use dotenv:

• Install the library: npm install dotenv
• Create a file named in the project root directory. env file and add the following content:

<code>MY_VARIABLE=my_value</code>

• In your Node.js script, import dotenv and load .env File:

<code>require('dotenv').config();</code>

Now you can access environment variables via:

<code>console.log(process.env.MY_VARIABLE); // 输出 "my_value"</code>

Note:

• Always Use uppercase letters to define environment variable names to avoid conflicts with other variables.
• It is a good idea to use different .env files to manage environment variables in different environments (e.g. development, production).
• When using the process.env object, be sure to set the environment variables before the script is closed, otherwise they will be lost.
• When using the dotenv library, make sure to load the .env file before using environment variables.

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