Tomcat maximum number of connections and maximum number of threads

The maximum number of Tomcat connections limits the number of clients connected at the same time, and the maximum number of threads limits the number of threads that process requests at the same time. These limits prevent server resource exhaustion and are configured by setting the maxConnections and maxThreads properties in server.xml to match server capacity and load.

Maximum number of connections and threads for Tomcat

Maximum number of connections:

The maximum number of connections is the maximum number of client connections that Tomcat can accept simultaneously. When this limit is reached, Tomcat will not be able to accept new connections and will return an error message to the client trying to connect.

Maximum number of threads:

The maximum number of threads is the maximum number of worker threads that Tomcat can create simultaneously. These threads are used to handle requests from clients. When this limit is reached, Tomcat will no longer be able to create new threads and requests will be queued waiting for an available thread.

Purpose:

Limiting the maximum number of connections and the maximum number of threads helps prevent server resources from being exhausted, such as memory and CPU. By limiting the number of connections and threads, Tomcat avoids excessive use of system resources, ensuring its stability and performance.

Configuration:

The maximum number of connections and threads of Tomcat can be configured in the server.xml configuration file. Here's how to set these properties:

<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" maxConnections="100" maxThreads="200" />

In this example, Tomcat's maximum number of connections is set to 100 and the maximum number of threads is set to 200.

Note:

• The maximum number of connections and the maximum number of threads should be adjusted based on the server's hardware capacity and expected load.
• Setting a value that is too low may limit Tomcat's ability to handle requests.
• Setting too high a value may cause server resources to be exhausted.
• In dynamic applications, the maximum number of connections and the maximum number of threads may need to be dynamically adjusted to match changing request loads.

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