How to pass different types of parameters in golang

The parameter passing methods of functions in Go are divided into: 1) passing by value (basic types and structures), 2) passing by reference (reference types and pointers), 3) passing by reference by value (rarely used). Choosing the appropriate delivery method affects function performance and semantics.

Passing methods of different types of parameters in Go

In Go, function parameters can be passed in many different ways , which affects how the function uses these parameters. Here are three common ways to pass different types of parameters in Go:

Pass by value

Pass by value is the simplest way to pass. In this way, the function creates a copy of the argument, so changes to the argument do not affect the original value. Primitive types (such as int, float64, and string) and structures are passed by value. For example:

func inc(n int) {
    // 创建参数 n 的副本
    n++
}

func main() {
    a := 5
    inc(a) // a 的值保持为 5，因为 n 是 a 的副本
    fmt.Println(a) // 输出：5
}

Pass by reference

Pass by reference Pass parameters by pointer. A function can modify a pointer to a parameter, thereby indirectly modifying the original value. Reference types (such as slices, maps, and functions) are passed by reference. Pointers (such as *int) are also passed by reference. For example:

func inc(n *int) {
    // n 是指向原始值 a 的指针
    *n++
}

func main() {
    a := 5
    inc(&a) // 修改 a 的值
    fmt.Println(a) // 输出：6
}

Pass reference by value

Pass reference by value is an uncommon but sometimes useful way of passing. In this way, the function creates a copy of the pointer to the parameter value. For example:

func incValueRef(val *float64) {
    // val 是指向参数值 f 的指针的副本
    *val++
}

func main() {
    f := 5.0
    incValueRef(&f) // 修改 f 的值
    fmt.Println(f) // 输出：6.0
}

Choosing the correct passing method is important because it affects the performance and semantics of the function. Passing by value is faster, but passing by reference allows the function to modify the original value. Pass-by-reference provides a compromise between the two.

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