Go language controls function concurrency through built-in syntax, including: go func() creates Goroutine, sync.Mutex mutex protects shared data, sync.WaitGroup wait group coordinates Goroutine execution, and sync.Cond condition variable cooperative control. These built-in syntaxes support concurrent execution, data protection and collaborative control, optimizing program performance. The case of parallel computing of Fibonacci sequences demonstrates its practical application.
Introduction to the built-in syntax and functions of Go language function concurrency control
Concurrency in the Go language is implemented through Goroutine. Goroutine It is a lightweight thread in Go language. By using Goroutine, we can write concurrent programs to take full advantage of multi-core CPUs and improve program performance.
Built-in syntax
The Go language provides the following built-in syntax to control function concurrency:
Features
These built-in syntaxes provide the following functionality:
Practical Case
The following is a practical case for calculating the Fibonacci sequence, demonstrating how to use Goroutine for concurrent calculations:
package main import ( "fmt" "sync" ) // 计算斐波那契数列 func fibonacci(n int) int { if n <= 1 { return n } return fibonacci(n-1) + fibonacci(n-2) } func main() { // 创建互斥锁保护计数器 var mu sync.Mutex // 创建等待组等待所有 Goroutine 完成 var wg sync.WaitGroup // 并发计算斐波那契数列 for i := 0; i < 10; i++ { wg.Add(1) go func(i int) { defer wg.Done() result := fibonacci(i) // 使用互斥锁保护计数器 mu.Lock() fmt.Printf("Fibonacci(%d) = %d\n", i, result) mu.Unlock() }(i) } // 等待所有 Goroutine 完成 wg.Wait() }
This program will calculate the first 10 numbers of the Fibonacci sequence in parallel and use a mutex to protect the output to ensure that each number is printed in order.
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