Java Maven Build Tool: An Advanced Tutorial from Novice to Expert

Maven build tool tutorial: Install Maven: Download and install Maven, set the environment variables MAVEN_HOME and PATH. Create project: Create a Maven project using the archetype generator. pom.xml file: Understand the structure of the pom.xml file, which contains project information, dependencies, and build configurations. Add dependencies: Add dependencies to the pom.xml file to specify the libraries required by the project. Build the project: Run the mvn clean install command to compile and package the project. Practical case: Create a JUnit test case, and then use the mvn test command to run the test.

Java Maven Build Tool: An Advanced Tutorial from Novice to Expert

Introduction

Maven is a popular Java build tool for managing project dependencies, build processes, and other project configurations. This tutorial will guide you step by step to become a Maven expert.

Install Maven

Download and install Maven from the Maven website. Two variables should be added to the environment variables: MAVEN_HOME and PATH.

# 设置MAVEN_HOME
setx MAVEN_HOME "C:\path\to\maven"

# 将Maven添加到PATH
setx PATH "%MAVEN_HOME%\bin;%PATH%"

Create Maven Project

Create a new project using the archetype generator:

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.example -DartifactId=maven-example -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart

This will generate a basic Maven project that includes a pom .xml file.

pom.xml file

pom.xml file is the core of the Maven project. It contains information about the project and its configuration:

• and : Coordinates that uniquely identify the project.
• :The version of the project.
• : The list of dependencies of the project.
• : Configuration about the build process.

Add dependencies

Add dependencies to the pom.xml file using the following syntax:

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
  <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
  <version>5.8.2</version>
</dependency>

Build the project

To build the project, run:

mvn clean install

This will clear all build output, then compile and package the project.

Practical Case: Building a JUnit Test

Let’s create a JUnit test case:

src/test/java/com/ example/mavenexample/AppTest.java

package com.example.mavenexample;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

public class AppTest {

    @Test
    public void testAdd() {
        assertEquals(3, App.add(1, 2));
    }

}

Run the test

To run the test, execute:

mvn test

If the test passes, you You will see the following output in the console:

[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

Conclusion

This tutorial provides a first look at the Maven build tool and provides you with the first step towards mastery. To learn more, visit the official Maven documentation.

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