The functions in PHP that cannot execute system commands include: exec()system()passthru()shell_exec(). The reason is that these functions have security vulnerabilities, allowing malicious attackers to execute arbitrary commands. In order to execute system commands safely, PHP provides functions such as escapeshellarg() and escapeshellcmd(), as well as third-party extensions. When using system commands, you should follow best security practices, such as limiting the types of executable commands and monitoring system logs.
Functions in PHP that cannot execute system commands
PHP is a server-side scripting language that is widely used in Web development. In order to improve security, there are some functions in PHP that cannot execute system commands.
PHP function that cannot execute system commands:
Cause:
These functions allow scripts to execute system commands, which may lead to security vulnerabilities. For example, a malicious attacker could use these functions to execute arbitrary commands and gain control of the server.
How to safely execute system commands
Although the above functions cannot directly execute system commands, PHP still provides safe methods to execute system commands, such as:
disable_functions
configuration directive to disable it and use it in a controlled environment. exec()
to provide controlled execution of system commands. Note:
When executing system commands, you should always follow best security practices, such as:
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