What do square brackets mean in c++

The square brackets have the following meanings in C: array element index pointer object dereference container element iteration subscript operator overloading special case function call (when the function name overloads the operator)

The meaning of square brackets in C

The square brackets ([]) have the following meanings in C:

1. Array index

Brackets are used to access or modify array elements. For example:

int numbers[5];
numbers[0] = 10;

2. Pointer dereference

Square brackets can be used to dereference a pointer and access the object pointed to by the pointer. For example:

int* ptr = new int(10);
*ptr = 20;

3. Container iteration

Brackets can be used to iterate elements in containers, such as vectors, queues and linked lists. For example:

vector<int> v = {1, 2, 3};
for (int& i : v) {
  cout << i << endl;
}

4. Subscript operator overloading

The square brackets can be overloaded to provide subscript operator behavior for user-defined types. For example:

class MyClass {
public:
  int operator[](int index) {
    return index * 10;
  }
};

MyClass obj;
cout << obj[2] << endl; // 输出 20

5. Function call (only in certain cases)

In some cases, square brackets can be used to call functions, especially when the function name is repeated When the operator is loaded. For example:

class Point {
public:
  int x, y;
  Point operator+(const Point& other) const {
    return {x + other.x, y + other.y};
  }
};

Point p1 = {1, 2};
Point p2 = {3, 4};
Point p3 = p1 + p2; // 使用中括号调用 + 运算符

It’s worth noting that brackets have different meanings in different contexts, depending on the syntax and context’s purpose.

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