Closure mechanism in golang function

A closure is a function that still retains its scope chain but still exists after the function has finished executing. In Go language, closures can be implemented through anonymous functions and variables, which allow access to variables declared in the outer scope within a function, thus providing a way to encapsulate data and behavior and maintain function state for different scenarios.

Closure mechanism in Go language function

What is closure?

A closure is a function that retains its scope chain after the function is executed. Such functions can access variables declared in the outer scope.

Advantages:

• Provides a way to encapsulate data and behavior.
• Allows functions to maintain state for different scenarios.

Implementation:

In Go language, closures can be implemented through anonymous functions and variables:

func outer() func() {
    x := 10
    y := func() {
        fmt.Println(x) // 可以访问父函数中的 x
    }
    return y
}

In the above example , the outer function returns an anonymous function y, and y can access the variables x## declared in the parent function outer #.

Practical case:

Calculate the Fibonacci sequence:

func fibonacci() func() int {
    a, b := 0, 1
    return func() int {
        a, b = b, a+b
        return a
    }
}

Every call

fibonacci() When returning an anonymous function, it will use closures to retain the previous values ​​a and b, and output the next Fibonacci number.

Note:

Closures capture references to external variables, which may lead to reference cycles and memory leaks.
• Closures should be used with caution, especially in situations that may lead to reference cycles.

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