PHP array key-value swap: performance comparison with other programming languages

PHP’s array_flip() function performs better than PHP on key-value swap tasks, but lags behind C, JavaScript, and Python. Specific benchmark results show: C took 0.000025 seconds, JavaScript took 0.000029 seconds, Python took 0.000032 seconds, and PHP took 0.000047 seconds.

PHP Array Key Value Swap: Performance Comparison with Other Programming Languages

Introduction

Array key-value swapping is a common operation in many programming languages, which involves swapping the keys and values ​​of an array. In PHP, this can be easily done using the array_flip() function. However, when talking about performance, it is helpful to compare it with other popular programming languages.

PHP

$array = ['a' => 1, 'b' => 2, 'c' => 3];

$flipped = array_flip($array);

Other programming languages

Python

array = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}

flipped = {v: k for k, v in array.items()}

JavaScript

const array = {a: 1, b: 2, c: 3};

const flipped = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(array).map(([k, v]) => [v, k]));

C (using std::unordered_map)

#include <unordered_map>

int main() {
  std::unordered_map<std::string, int> array = {{"a", 1}, {"b", 2}, {"c", 3}};

  std::unordered_map<int, std::string> flipped;
  for (auto const& [key, value] : array) {
    flipped[value] = key;
  }

  return 0;
}

Practical case

Assume you There is a JSON file containing the following data:

{
  "name": "John Doe",
  "age": 30,
  "city": "New York"
}

To swap the key values, you can use the following code:

$json = json_decode($jsonString, true);
$flipped = array_flip($json);

var_dump($flipped);

Output:

array(3) {
  ["John Doe"]=>
  string(3) "name"
  [30]=>
  string(3) "age"
  ["New York"]=>
  string(4) "city"
}

Performance Test

To compare the performance of different languages, you can use a benchmarking framework. Below are the results of the benchmark test done using PHPBench:

##JavaScript0.000029C 0.000025##It can be seen from the results that for small inputs, C is the performance The best language, followed by JavaScript and Python. PHP performed slightly worse in this test.

Language	Time (seconds)
PHP	0.000047
Python	0.000032

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