What does complex mean in c++

The complex class template in C is used to represent complex numbers. It contains two parameters, the real part and the imaginary part, which can be obtained through the methods real() and imag(). The complex class supports addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations, and provides norm() and arg() methods to obtain modules and arguments. In the example, two complex objects z1 and z2 are instantiated, and the use of arithmetic operations and obtaining the real and imaginary parts is demonstrated.

complex in C

#complex is a class template in the C standard library used to represent complex numbers.

Structure

complex class template contains two template parameters:

• T: the real and imaginary part types of complex numbers. Typically double or float.
• Alloc: An optional allocator type used to manage complex memory allocation.

Using

To use complex, you need to instantiate the class template first:

complex<double> z1(3.0, 4.0);

After instantiation, you can use the complex object. Arithmetic operations:

• Addition and subtraction: z1 z2, z1 - z2
• Multiplication and division: z1 * z2 、z1 / z2
• Comparison: z1 == z2、z1 != z2、z1 < z2 etc

Methods

The complex class provides some methods to obtain and operate complex numbers:

• real(): Get the real part of the complex number.
• imag(): Get the imaginary part of the complex number.
• norm(): Get the modulus of a complex number.
• arg(): Get the argument of a complex number.

Example

The following example demonstrates how to use the complex class:

#include 

int main() {
  complex<double> z1(3.0, 4.0);
  complex z2(5.0, -2.0);

  // 加法和减法
  cout << "z1 + z2 = " << z1 + z2 << endl;
  cout << "z1 - z2 = " << z1 - z2 << endl;

  // 乘法和除法
  cout << "z1 * z2 = " << z1 * z2 << endl;
  cout << "z1 / z2 = " << z1 / z2 << endl;

  // 获取实部和虚部
  cout << "Real part of z1: " << z1.real() << endl;
  cout << "Imaginary part of z1: " << z1.imag() << endl;

  return 0;
}

Output result:

<code>z1 + z2 = (8,-2)
z1 - z2 = (-2,6)
z1 * z2 = (23,-26)
z1 / z2 = (0.64,0.16)
Real part of z1: 3
Imaginary part of z1: 4</code>

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