PHP operating principle and server configuration

PHP is a server-side programming language that runs on the server and follows the steps of request processing, script loading, interpretation and execution, and sending responses. Server configuration includes: Apache: using the php.ini configuration file and the mod_php module. Nginx: Use the php-fpm process manager and nginx.conf configuration file.

PHP operating principle and server configuration guide

PHP operating principle

PHP It is a server-side programming language, meaning it runs on the server rather than on the client (such as the user's browser). It follows the following steps:

1. Request processing: When the client sends a request to the server, the server parses the request and executes the corresponding PHP script.
2. Script loading: The server finds and loads the specified PHP script.
3. Interpretation and execution: The PHP interpreter analyzes and executes the script line by line, generating HTML output.
4. Send response: The server sends the generated output to the client.

Server configuration

In order to run PHP efficiently on the server, the web server needs to be configured correctly. The following are the key configuration items:

Apache

• php.ini: Main PHP configuration file, controlling the behavior of PHP.
• mod_php: Apache module for handling PHP requests.
• DocumentRoot: Specify the directory where website files (including PHP scripts) are stored.

Nginx

• php-fpm: FastCGI process manager for handling PHP requests.
• nginx.conf: Nginx configuration file used to configure the connection to php-fpm.
• root: Specify the directory where website files (including PHP scripts) are stored.

Practical case

Install Apache and PHP

Run the following command on Ubuntu:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install apache2 php php-mysql

Create PHP script

<?php
echo "Hello, world!";
?>

Save the PHP script in the web root directory:

sudo vi /var/www/html/hello.php

Access in the browser PHP script:

http://localhost/hello.php

The output is "Hello, world!".

Adjust php.ini settings

Adjust php.ini settings using the following command:

sudo vi /etc/php/7.4/apache2/php.ini

Add or adjust the desired settings, for example:

max_execution_time = 300

Restart Apache

After applying the changes, restart Apache for the new settings to take effect:

sudo systemctl restart apache2

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