In C language: what does it mean?

In C language, the colon is used in the following situations: to label statements for jumping using goto statements. As part of the ternary operator, returns one of two values ​​based on a conditional expression. Represents the scope of case and default statements in a switch-case statement. Separate array elements during array initialization. Separate arguments when defining function macros.

In C language, the colon (:) means the following:

1. Tag:

Colon can be used to label a statement so that a goto statement can be used to jump to it. For example:

<code class="c">start:
printf("Hello world!\n");</code>

2. Ternary operator:

The colon is part of the ternary operator. The ternary operator is used to return one of two values ​​based on a conditional expression. The syntax is as follows:

<code class="c">condition ? value1 : value2</code>

For example:

<code class="c">int x = (a > b) ? a : b;</code>

3. Range:

In switch-case statements, colons are used to represent case and default statements range. For example:

<code class="c">switch (x) {
  case 1:
    printf("x is 1\n");
    break;
  case 2:
    printf("x is 2\n");
    break;
  default:
    printf("x is not 1 or 2\n");
}</code>

4. Initializing the array:

When initializing the array, colons are used to separate array elements. For example:

<code class="c">int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};</code>

5. Function macro parameter list:

When defining a function macro, colons are used to separate parameters. For example:

<code class="c">#define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))</code>

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