PHP的面向对象编程:开发大型PHP项目的方法(四)
在看过基本的OOP概念后,我就可以向你展示更高级的技术:
序列化(Serializing)
PHP不支持永久对象,在OOP中永久对象是可以在多个应用的引用中保持状态和功能的对象,这意味着拥 有将对象保存到一个文件或数据库中的能力,而且可以在以后装入对象。这就是所谓的序列化机制。PHP 拥 有序列化方法,它可以通过对象进行调用,序列化方法可以返回对象的字符串表示。然而,序列化只保存了 对象的成员数据而不包话方法。
在PHP4中,如果你将对象序列化到字符串$s中,然后释放对象,接着反序列化对象到$obj,你可以继续 使用对象的方法!我不建议这样去做,因为(a)文档中没有保证这种行为在以后的版本中仍然可以使用。(b) 这个可能导致一种误解,在你把一个序列化后的版本保存到磁盘并退出脚本时。当以后运行这个脚本时,你 不能期待着在反序列化一个对象时,对象的方法也会在那里,因为字符串表示根本就不包括方法。
总而言之,PHP 进行序列化对于保存对象的成员变量非常有用。(你也可以将相关数组和数组序列化到 一个文件中)。
例子 :
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$obj=new Classfoo();
$str=serialize($obj);
//保存$str到磁盘上
//几个月以后
//从磁盘中装入str
$obj2=unserialize($str)
?>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
你恢复了成员数据,但是不包括方法(根据文档所说)。这导致了只能通过类似于使用$obj2->x来存取 成员变量(你没有别的方法!)的唯一办法,所以不要在家里试它。
有一些办法可以解决这个问题,我把它留着,因为对这篇简洁的文章来说,他们太不好。
我会很高兴地欢迎在PHP的后续版本中有全序列化的特性。
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