C++ Function Exceptions and Template Programming: Generic Error Handling

Use exception handling and template programming to implement generic error handling. 1. Exception handling: Use try-catch-throw mechanism to throw exceptions in functions. 2. Template Programming: Create generic code that can be used for any type of error, including generic error handlers that can handle any type of error. 3. Generic error handling: Use template functions to provide customized handling for different types of exceptions and re-throw unknown exceptions.

C Function Exceptions and Template Programming: Generic Error Handling

Introduction

In C, exceptions are a powerful mechanism for handling errors in functions. When a function detects an error, it can throw an exception, allowing the error to be caught and handled. Template programming allows us to create generic code that can be used for any type. This article explores how to use exceptions and template programming for generic error handling.

Exception handling

Exception handling in C uses the try, catch and throw keywords accomplish. When a function detects an error, it can throw an exception using the throw keyword. The exception type is a class derived from std::exception.

The following example demonstrates exception handling:

void divide(int num1, int num2) {
    try {
        if (num2 == 0) {
            throw std::invalid_argument("Divisor cannot be 0");
        }
        int result = num1 / num2;
        std::cout << result << std::endl;
    } catch (std::invalid_argument& e) {
        std::cout << e.what() << std::endl;
    }
}

Template Programming

Template programming allows us to create generic code that can be used for any type. Functions and classes can be parameterized using templates.

The following example shows a template function:

template<typename T>
T max(T a, T b) {
    return (a > b) ? a : b;
}

Generic Error Handling

We can use exception handling and template programming to create objects that can handle any type Generic error handler for errors.

The following example shows a generic error handling function:

template<typename T>
void handleError(T error) {
    if (std::is_same<T, std::invalid_argument>::value) {
        std::cout << "Invalid argument: " << error.what() << std::endl;
    } else if (std::is_same<T, std::out_of_range>::value) {
        std::cout << "Out of range: " << error.what() << std::endl;
    } else {
        throw error;
    }
}

Practical case

The following example shows how to use generic errors in a function Handling:

void processData(const std::vector<int>& data) {
    try {
        // ... 处理数据 ...
        if (// 检测到错误) {
            throw std::invalid_argument("Invalid data");
        }
    } catch (std::exception& e) {
        handleError(e);
    }
}

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